Trial reportBrain stimulation
Randomized Sham Controlled Double-blind Trial of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Adults With Severe Tourette Syndrome.
Trial report in Brain stimulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04128397 (An Exploratory Study of Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Exploratory Study of Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) Based on Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in the Treatment of Tic Disorder
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tourette syndrome and brain stimulation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation in Tourette syndrome.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of neurostimulation across mental disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis of 208 randomized controlled trials.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Non-invasive brain stimulation as therapy: systematic review and recommendations with a focus on the treatment of Tourette syndrome.Experimental brain research · 2022Pooled it
- Tourette syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Tics.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- The role of lipids in neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders: A narrative review.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation to probe the role of the supplementary motor area in tics.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of 40-Session Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Tourette Syndrome: A 6-Month Follow-Up Case Report.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- A critical role of action-related functional networks in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Clinical neurophysiology in the treatment of movement disorders: IFCN handbook chapter.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- Article
- The Role of the Left Inferior Parietal Cortex in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-An rTMS Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Tourette syndrome: clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment.The Lancet. Neurology · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Tourette Syndrome Treatment Updates: a Review and Discussion of the Current and Upcoming Literature.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2022Review
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA small proportion of individuals with Tourette syndrome (TS) have a lifelong course of illness that fails to respond to conventional treatments. Open label studies have suggested that low frequency (1-Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the supplementary motor area (SMA) may be effective in reducing tic severity. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: To examine the efficacy of rTMS over the SMA for TS in a randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial (RCT).
methodsWe conducted a two-site RCT-rTMS with 20 adults with severe TS for 3 weeks. Treatment consisted of 15 sessions (1-Hz; 30 min; 1800 pulses per day) of active or sham rTMS at 110% of the motor threshold over the SMA. A subsequent 3 week course of active rTMS treatment was offered.
resultsOf the 20 patients (16 males; mean age of 33.7 ± 12.2 years), 9 received active and 11 received sham rTMS. After 3 weeks, patients receiving active rTMS showed on average a 17.3% reduction in the YGTSS total tic score compared to a 13.2% reduction in those receiving sham rTMS, resulting in no statistically significant reduction in tic severity (P = 0.27). An additional 3 week open label active treatment for those patients (n = 7) initially randomized to active rTMS resulted in a significant overall 29.7% reduction in tic severity compared to baseline (P = 0.04).
conclusionThis RCT did not demonstrate efficacy of 3-week SMA-targeted low frequency rTMS in the treatment of severe adult TS. Further studies using longer or alternative stimulation protocols are warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.