Observational studyAnnals of epidemiology2015
Explaining racial disparities in HIV incidence in black and white men who have sex with men in Atlanta, GA: a prospective observational cohort study.
Observational study in Annals of epidemiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04263441 (Navigating Insurance Coverage Expansion), which is not on this map. Cited by 168 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Navigating Insurance Coverage Expansion (NICE): A Collaboration to Increase Access to Care for Black and Hispanic Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 223 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Men Who Have Sex With Men: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Pooled it
- A Review of Network Models for HIV Spread.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Pooled it
- Racism, homophobia, and the sexual health of young Black men who have sex with men in the United States: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- The Prevalence of HIV Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) and Young MSM in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Training to reduce LGBTQ-related bias among medical, nursing, and dental students and providers: a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2019Pooled it
- Circumcision to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global data.The Lancet. Global health · 2019Pooled it
- Bias Adjustment Techniques Are Underutilized in HIV Sexual Risk Estimation: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Pooled it
- Implementation of Health Insurance Navigation for Racial/Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex With Men Presenting for Community-Based HIV Testing.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Trial
- Randomized Controlled Trial Testing an HIV/STI Prevention Intervention Among People Leaving Incarceration Who Were Assigned Male at Birth, Have Sex with Men and A Substance Use Disorder.AIDS and behavior · 2025Trial
- WeChat-Based HIV e-Report, a New Approach for HIV Serostatus Requests and Disclosures Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Prospective Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Controlled TrialJMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2023Trial
- Spillover benefit of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: evaluating the importance of effect modification using an agent-based model.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Trial
- Disseminated Effects in Agent-Based Models: A Potential Outcomes Framework and Application to Inform Preexposure Prophylaxis Coverage Levels for HIV Prevention.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Trial
- Age- and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Sex Partner Correlates of Condomless Sex in an Online Sample of Hispanic/Latino, Black/African-American, and White Men Who Have Sex with Men.Archives of sexual behavior · 2020Trial
- Measuring Acceptability and Engagement of The Keep It Up! Internet-Based HIV Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial for Young Men Who Have Sex With Men.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2019Trial
- Stigma Diminishes the Protective Effect of Social Support on Psychological Distress Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2018Trial
- Potential Risks and Benefits of Low-barrier Access and Monitoring for HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: A Modeling Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The dissociation between condom use knowledge and actual behavior among college students in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- PrEP Care Continuum at an Urban Safety-Net Healthcare Program in Atlanta During its First Three Years of Implementation.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Meta-Modeling as a Variance-Reduction Technique for Stochastic Model-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analyses.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2025Article
- On the compounding manifestations of racism shaping the US HIV/AIDS epidemic: why ending the HIV epidemic must address these factors for success.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo describe factors associated with racial disparities in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States.
methodsIn a longitudinal cohort of black and white HIV-negative MSM in Atlanta, HIV incidence rates were compared by race. Incidence hazard ratios (HRs) between black and white MSM were estimated with an age-scaled Cox proportional hazards model. A change-in-estimate approach was used to understand mediating time-independent and -dependent factors that accounted for the elevated HR.
resultsThirty-two incident HIV infections occurred among 260 black and 302 white MSM during 843 person-years (PY) of follow-up. HIV incidence was higher among black MSM (6.5/100 PY; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.2-9.7) than white MSM (1.7/100 PY; CI: 0.7-3.3) and highest among young (18-24 years) black MSM (10.9/100 PY; CI: 6.2-17.6). The unadjusted hazard of HIV infection for black MSM was 2.9 (CI: 1.3-6.4) times that of white MSM; adjustment for health insurance status and partner race explained effectively all of the racial disparity.
conclusionsRelative to white MSM in Atlanta, black MSM, particularly young black MSM, experienced higher HIV incidence that was not attributable to individual risk behaviors. In a setting where partner pool risk is a driver of disparities, it is also important to maximize care and treatment for HIV-positive MSM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.