ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2015
Age, sex, and nutritional status modify the CD4+ T-cell recovery rate in HIV-tuberculosis co-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Malnutrition assessment methods in adult patients with tuberculosis: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Pre-Digested Protein Enteral Nutritional Supplementation Enhances Recovery of CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Vitamin-D deficiency impairs CD4+T-cell count recovery rate in HIV-positive adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A longitudinal study.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2016Trial
- Explainable machine learning for predicting clinical outcomes in HIV/TB co-infection: a comparative retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Opportunistic use of artificial intelligence with X-ray imaging for diagnosis of HIV status in tuberculosis patients in Uganda and Tanzania.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Article
- Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in initiating ART among HIV-Infected patients in China-risk factors and management.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A retrospective study of tuberculosis prevalence and associated factors among HIV-positive key populations in Nigeria.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Clinical Biomarkers Related to CD4 Recovery in HIV-Infected Patients-5-Year Observation.Viruses · 2022Article
- Undernutrition and HIV Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa: Health Outcomes and Therapeutic Interventions.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Episodes of Undernutrition and its Predictors among Clients on Antiretroviral Treatment in Southwest Ethiopia: A Record Review.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Fine-mapping analysis of a chromosome 2 region linked to resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in Uganda reveals potential regulatory variants.Genes and immunity · 2019Article
- Early virological failure and HIV drug resistance in Ugandan adults co-infected with tuberculosis.AIDS research and therapy · 2017Article
- Article
- Association of Body Mass Index With Tuberculosis Mortality: A Population-Based Follow-Up Study.Medicine · 2016Observational
- Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBaseline age and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) were examined as determinants of CD4+ T-cell recovery during 6 months of tuberculosis (TB) therapy with/without cART. It was determined whether this association was modified by patient sex and nutritional status.
methodsThis longitudinal analysis included 208 immune-competent, non-pregnant, ART-naive HIV-positive patients from Uganda with a first episode of pulmonary TB. CD4+ T-cell counts were measured using flow cytometry. Age was defined as ≤24, 25-29, 30-34, and 35-39 vs. ≥40 years. Nutritional status was defined as normal (>18.5kg/m(2)) vs. underweight (≤18.5kg/m(2)) using the body mass index (BMI). Multivariate random effects linear mixed models were fitted to estimate differences in CD4+ T-cell recovery in relation to specified determinants.
resultscART was associated with a monthly rise of 15.7 cells/μl (p<0.001). Overall, age was not associated with CD4+ T-cell recovery during TB therapy (p = 0.655). However, among patients on cART, the age-associated CD4+ T-cell recovery rate varied by sex and nutritional status, such that age <40 vs. ≥40 years predicted superior absolute CD4+ T-cell recovery among females (p=0.006) and among patients with a BMI ≥18.5kg/m(2) (p<0.001).
conclusionsTB-infected HIV-positive patients aged ≥40 years have a slower rate of immune restoration given cART, particularly if BMI is >18.5kg/m(2) or they are female. These patients may benefit from increased monitoring and nutritional support during cART.
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