ArticleJournal of dental research2015
Candidate Gene Analyses of Skeletal Variation in Malocclusion.
Article in Journal of dental research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genes and Pathways Associated with Skeletal Sagittal Malocclusions: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Genetic factors contributing to skeletal class III malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Pooled it
- Morphological variations and differences of the mandible and midfacial skeleton across different sagittal skeletal patterns and sexes: a three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis.Progress in orthodontics · 2026Article
- Intronic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in FGFR2 Gene Association With Non-Syndromic Mandibular Retrognathism.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2026Article
- Geometric morphometrics based diagnostic model for Skeletal Class III patients.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Quantification of Craniofacial Growth Pattern Based on Deep Learning.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the role ofFrontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Association between myosin 1H polymorphisms and skeletal-facial profile in Taiwanese patients with mandibular prognathism.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Article
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- Genetic factors underlying Mandibular prognathism: insights from recent human and animal studies.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025Review
- Polymorphisms inJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2025Article
- Identification of key genes for mandibular prognathism in Duolang sheep via genome-wide association analysis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) genetic polymorphisms contribute to fused roots in human molars.PloS one · 2025Article
- Impact of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Predictable Full Digital Workflow Using Stackable Surgical Templates for Complete Dental Arch Rehabilitation with Implant-Supported Fixed Restorations-Case Series and Proof of Concept.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Strategic treatment planning for anterior open bite: A comprehensive approach.Journal of dental sciences · 2024Review
- Family-based GWAS for dental class I malocclusion and clefts.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- East Asian and Southern European craniofacial class III phenotype: two sides of the same coin?Clinical oral investigations · 2024Review
- Narrating the Genetic Landscape of Human Class I Occlusion: A Perspective-Infused Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study evaluated associations between craniofacial candidate genes and skeletal variation in patients with malocclusion. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 269 untreated adults with skeletal classes I, II, and III malocclusion were digitized with 14 landmarks. Two-dimensional coordinates were analyzed using Procrustes fit and principal component (PC) analysis to generate continuous malocclusion phenotypes. Skeletal class classifications (I, II, or III) were used as a categorical phenotype. Individuals were genotyped for 198 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 71 craniofacial genes and loci. Phenotype-genotype associations were tested via multivariate linear regression for continuous phenotypes and multinomial logistic regression for skeletal malocclusion class. PC analysis resulted in 4 principal components (PCs) explaining 69% of the total skeletal facial variation. PC1 explained 32.7% of the variation and depicted vertical discrepancies ranging from skeletal deep to open bites. PC1 was associated with a SNP near PAX5 (P = 0.01). PC2 explained 21.7% and captured horizontal maxillomandibular discrepancies. PC2 was associated with SNPs upstream of SNAI3 (P = 0.0002) and MYO1H (P = 0.006). PC3 explained 8.2% and captured variation in ramus height, body length, and anterior cranial base orientation. PC3 was associated with TWIST1 (P = 0.000076). Finally, PC4 explained 6.6% and detected variation in condylar inclination as well as symphysis projection. PC4 was associated with PAX7 (P = 0.007). Furthermore, skeletal class II risk increased relative to class I with the minor alleles of SNPs in FGFR2 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1, P = 0.004) and declined with SNPs in EDN1 (OR = 0.5, P = 0.007). Conversely, skeletal class III risk increased versus class I with SNPs in FGFR2 (OR 2.2, P = 0.005) and COL1A1 (OR = 2.1, P = 0.008) and declined with SNPs in TBX5 (OR = 0.5, P = 0.014). PAX5, SNAI3, MYO1H, TWIST1, and PAX7 are associated with craniofacial skeletal variation among patients with malocclusion, while FGFR2, EDN1, TBX5, and COL1A1 are associated with type of skeletal malocclusion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.