ArticlePloS one2015
Clostridium perfringens Alpha-Toxin Induces Gm1a Clustering and Trka Phosphorylation in the Host Cell Membrane.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological and Metabolic Characteristics ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
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- Unveiling the pathogenic mechanisms ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2024Review
- Review of advances in molecular structure and biological function ofCanadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2024Review
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- Arginine alleviatesFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- An autopsy case of gas gangrene, massive intravascular hemolysis, and cytokine storm due toIDCases · 2024Article
- Anti-tumor Effects of Recombinant Clostridium α-Toxin on Breast Cancer: AnInternational journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2024Article
- Bacterial phospholipases C with dual activity: phosphatidylcholinesterase and sphingomyelinase.FEBS open bio · 2021Review
- Article
- Study of the Structure and Biological Activity of the Amino-Terminus of the α-Toxin from Clostridium welchii Type A.Current microbiology · 2019Article
- Histotoxic Clostridial Infections.Microbiology spectrum · 2019Article
- Article
- Protein Toxins That Utilize Gangliosides as Host Receptors.Progress in molecular biology and translational science · 2018Review
- Clostridium perfringens α-toxin impairs erythropoiesis by inhibition of erythroid differentiation.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Targeting and alteration of tight junctions by bacteria and their virulence factors such as Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2017Review
- Bacterial Sphingomyelinases and Phospholipases as Virulence Factors.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin elicits various immune responses such as the release of cytokines, chemokines, and superoxide via the GM1a/TrkA complex. Alpha-toxin possesses phospholipase C (PLC) hydrolytic activity that contributes to signal transduction in the pathogenesis of gas gangrene. Little is known about the relationship between lipid metabolism and TrkA activation by alpha-toxin. Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we monitored transbilayer movement of diacylglycerol (DAG) with the yellow fluorescent protein-tagged C1AB domain of protein kinase C-γ (EYFP-C1AB). DAG accumulated at the marginal region of the plasma membrane in alpha toxin-treated A549 cells, which also exhibited GM1a clustering and TrkA phosphorylation. Annexin V binding assays showed that alpha-toxin induced the exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. However, H148G, a variant toxin which binds cell membrane and has no enzymatic activity, did not induce DAG translocation, GM1a clustering, or TrkA phosphorylation. Alpha-toxin also specifically activated endogenous phospholipase Cγ-1 (PLCγ-1), a TrkA adaptor protein, via phosphorylation. U73122, an endogenous PLC inhibitor, and siRNA for PLCγ-1 inhibited the formation of DAG and release of IL-8. GM1a accumulation and TrkA phosphorylation in A549 cells treated with alpha-toxin were also inhibited by U73122. These results suggest that the flip-flop motion of hydrophobic lipids such as DAG leads to the accumulation of GM1a and TrkA. We conclude that the formation of DAG by alpha-toxin itself (first step) and activation of endogenous PLCγ-1 (second step) leads to alterations in membrane dynamics, followed by strong phosphorylation of TrkA.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.