Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25909295›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2015

Cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in a cohort of 57,946 patients with type 2 diabetes: associations with renal function and cardiovascular risk factors.

Lucia Cea Soriano, Saga Johansson, Bergur Stefansson, Luis A García Rodríguez

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Use of Glucose-Lowering Agents in Diabetes and CKD.Kidney international reports · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lucia Cea SorianoSpanish Centre for Pharmacoepidemiologic Research (CEIFE), Almirante 28-2, E 28004, Madrid, Spain. luciaceife@gmail.com.
Saga JohanssonAstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden. Saga.Johansson@astrazeneca.com.
Bergur StefanssonAstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden. Bergur.Stefansson@astrazeneca.com.
Luis A García RodríguezSpanish Centre for Pharmacoepidemiologic Research (CEIFE), Almirante 28-2, E 28004, Madrid, Spain. lagarcia@ceife.es.
Centro Español de Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are independent predictors of death and cardiovascular events and their concomitant prevalence has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other factors on the risk of death and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.

methodsA cohort of 57,946 patients with type 2 diabetes who were aged 20-89 years in 2000-2005 was identified from The Health Improvement Network, a UK primary care database. Incidence rates of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (IS/TIA) were calculated overall and by eGFR category at baseline. eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. Death, MI and IS/TIA cases were detected using an automatic computer search and IS/TIA cases were further ascertained by manual review of medical records. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death, MI, and IS/TIA associated with eGFR category and other factors were estimated using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders.

resultsOverall incidence rates of death (mean follow-up time of 6.76 years), MI (6.64 years) and IS/TIA (6.56 years) were 43.65, 9.26 and 10.39 cases per 1000 person-years, respectively. A low eGFR (15-29 mL/min) was associated with an increased risk of death (HR: 2.79; 95% CI: 2.57-3.03), MI (HR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.89-2.87) and IS/TIA (HR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.43-2.18) relative to eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min. Other predictors of death, MI and IS/TIA included age, longer duration of diabetes, poor control of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking and a history of cardiovascular events.

conclusionsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, management of cardiovascular risk factors and careful monitoring of eGFR may represent opportunities to reduce the risks of death, MI and IS/TIA.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular DiseasesCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMortalityRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID25909295
PMCPMC4409775
OpenAlexW2141082354

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.