ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2015
Comparative Genomics Reveals the Origins and Diversity of Arthropod Immune Systems.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolutionary dynamics of the arthropod molting machinery.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Review
- Evolutionary trajectories, early diversification, and species-specific amplification of the metazoan inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) repertoire.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Advances in the use of entomopathogenic fungi to control ixodid ticks.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2026Review
- Dual Disruption of the Immune Cytokine Spätzle Facilitates Fungal Infection of Diverse Insect Hosts.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Thioester-Containing Protein TEP27 inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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- Functionality of highly diverged Imd like genes identified in stinkbugs and bedbugs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The immune response of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to the bacterial pathogen Acaricomes phytoseiuli.Experimental & applied acarology · 2025Article
- Varying phylogenetic signal in susceptibility to four bacterial pathogens across species of Drosophilidae.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Immune-Related Genes in the Honey Bee MiteInsects · 2025Article
- Genomic Insights into Vector-Pathogen Adaptation inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Research on the Expression of Immune-Related Genes at Different Stages in the Third-Instar Larvae ofInsects · 2025Article
- The molecular toll pathway repertoire in anopheline mosquitoes.Developmental and comparative immunology · 2025Article
- Exploring changes in social spider DNA methylation profiles in all cytosine contexts following infection.Heredity · 2024Article
- Activation of the tick Toll pathway to control infection of Ixodes ricinus by the apicomplexan parasite Babesia microti.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Vectorial dynamics underpinning current and future tick-borne virus emergence in Europe.The Journal of general virology · 2024Review
- The Evolution and Biological Activity of Metazoan Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like Protein (MLKL).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Molecular Toll Pathway Repertoire in Anopheline Mosquitoes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Immune Gene Repertoire of Soft Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Insects are an important model for the study of innate immune systems, but remarkably little is known about the immune system of other arthropod groups despite their importance as disease vectors, pests, and components of biological diversity. Using comparative genomics, we have characterized the immune system of all the major groups of arthropods beyond insects for the first time--studying five chelicerates, a myriapod, and a crustacean. We found clear traces of an ancient origin of innate immunity, with some arthropods having Toll-like receptors and C3-complement factors that are more closely related in sequence or structure to vertebrates than other arthropods. Across the arthropods some components of the immune system, such as the Toll signaling pathway, are highly conserved. However, there is also remarkable diversity. The chelicerates apparently lack the Imd signaling pathway and beta-1,3 glucan binding proteins--a key class of pathogen recognition receptors. Many genes have large copy number variation across species, and this may sometimes be accompanied by changes in function. For example, we find that peptidoglycan recognition proteins have frequently lost their catalytic activity and switch between secreted and intracellular forms. We also find that there has been widespread and extensive duplication of the cellular immune receptor Dscam (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule), which may be an alternative way to generate the high diversity produced by alternative splicing in insects. In the antiviral short interfering RNAi pathway Argonaute 2 evolves rapidly and is frequently duplicated, with a highly variable copy number. Our results provide a detailed analysis of the immune systems of several important groups of animals for the first time and lay the foundations for functional work on these groups.
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