Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25908321›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2015

Examining the factor structure of the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale: A secondary data analysis from the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) 0003.

Celestina Barbosa-Leiker, Sterling McPherson, Mary Rose Mamey, G Leonard Burns, Matthew E Layton, John Roll, Walter Ling

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Celestina Barbosa-LeikerCollege of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States; Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Translational Addictions Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States. Electronic address: celestina@wsu.edu.
Sterling McPhersonCollege of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States; Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Translational Addictions Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.
Mary Rose MameyDepartment of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
G Leonard BurnsDepartment of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Matthew E LaytonProgram of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Translational Addictions Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Washington State University Medical Sciences, Spokane, WA, United States.
John RollCollege of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States; Translational Addictions Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.
Walter LingPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Washington State University · USWashington State University Spokane · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

CLINICAL TRIALS NETWORK: PACIFIC NORTHWEST NODEU10DA013714 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DONOVAN, DENNIS MICHAEL, ROLL, JOHN M. · 2001 to 2015
$25.5M
Clinical Trials Network: Pacific Northwest Node (CTN-0082, -0131, -0139 and dissemination library)UG1DA013714 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Mary Akiko Hatch, John M. Roll · 2015 to 2026
$19.8M
STATISTICAL SUPPORT/DATA MANAGEMENT COREP30DA016383 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HSER, YIH-ING · 2005 to 2015
$8.6M
NIDA NIH HHS 5U10DA013714-10NIDA NIH HHS P30 DA016383NIDA NIH HHS P30DA016383NIDA NIH HHS U10 DA013714NIDA NIH HHS UG1 DA013714
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is used to assess withdrawal in clinical trials and practice. The aims of this study were to examine the inter-item correlations and factor structure of the COWS in opioid-dependent men and women.

methodsThis is a secondary data analysis of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network 0003, a randomized clinical trial that compared buprenorphine/naloxone tapering strategies. The trial included 11 sites in 10 US cities. Participants were opioid-dependent individuals (n=516) that had data on the COWS. The COWS at study baseline was analyzed in this study.

resultsInter-item correlations showed weak to moderate relationships among the items. A 1-factor model did not fit the data for men (comparative fit index (CFI)=.801, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=.073, weighted root mean square residual (WRMR)=1.132) or women (CFI=.694, RMSEA=.071, WRMR=.933), where resting pulse rate was not related to withdrawal for men, and yawning and gooseflesh skin was not related to withdrawal for women. A reduced model comprised of only the 8 items that were significantly related to the construct of withdrawal in both men and women, and an exploratory 2-factor model, were also assessed but not retained due to inconsistencies across gender.

conclusionsWhen traditional psychometric models are applied to the COWS, it appears that the scale may not relate to a single underlying construct of withdrawal. Further research testing the hypothesized factor structure in other opioid-dependent samples is needed.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidBuprenorphine, Naloxone Drug CombinationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOpioid-Related DisordersPsychometricsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeUnited StatesAnalgesics, OpioidBuprenorphine, Naloxone Drug CombinationClinical Opiate Withdrawal ScaleOpiate dependenceOpiate withdrawalPsychometrics

Identifiers

PMID25908321
PMCPMC4458161
OpenAlexW1975238090

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.