ArticleMedicine2015
Detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in hospitalized children with acute respiratory illnesses, Chongqing, 2009-2013.
Article in Medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Markers of Severity in Acute Respiratory Infections to Inform Primary Care Surveillance.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Pooled it
- The prevalence and role of human respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global data.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Molecular detection ofNew microbes and new infections · 2025Article
- Clinical and microbiological profile of pneumonia among children with congenital heart diseases at alexandria university children's hospital.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Increased risk during winter: common respiratory viruses and clinical outcomes in hospitalized children.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Metagenomic insights into respiratory viral signatures in lower respiratory tract infections with and without respiratory failure.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and meteorological factors of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospitalized children in eastern Guangdong, China.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- High incidence of the virus among respiratory pathogens in children with lower respiratory tract infection in northwestern China.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Pathogen Profile of Children Hospitalised with Severe Acute Respiratory Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Free State Province, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of human bocavirus infection in children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection in Qingdao, China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Transient hyperphosphatasemia: Possible association with pediatric acute respiratory infection.Pediatric investigation · 2021Article
- Article
- Evaluation of TaqMan Array card (TAC) for the detection of 28 respiratory pathogens.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Effect of prior receipt of antibiotics on the pathogen distribution: a retrospective observational cohort study on 27,792 patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Observational
- Combination of clinical symptoms and blood biomarkers can improve discrimination between bacterial or viral community-acquired pneumonia in children.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Etiology and Impact of Coinfections in Children Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Clinical and laboratory profiles of hospitalized children with acute respiratory virus infection.Korean journal of pediatrics · 2018Article
- Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization of the nasopharynx is associated with increased severity during respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) cause large disease burden each year. The codetection of viral and bacterial pathogens is quite common; however, the significance for clinical severity remains controversial. We aimed to identify viruses and bacteria in hospitalized children with ARI and the impact of mixed detections.Hospitalized children with ARI aged ≤16 were recruited from 2009 to 2013 at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were collected for detection of common respiratory viruses by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or PCR. Bacteria were isolated from NPAs by routine culture methods. Detection and codetection frequencies and clinical features and severity were compared.Of the 3181 hospitalized children, 2375 (74.7%) were detected with ≥1 virus and 707 (22.2%) with ≥1 bacteria, 901 (28.3%) with ≥2 viruses, 57 (1.8%) with ≥2 bacteria, and 542 (17.0%) with both virus and bacteria. The most frequently detected were Streptococcus pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and influenza virus. Clinical characteristics were similar among different pathogen infections for older group (≥6 years old), with some significant difference for the younger. Cases with any codetection were more likely to present with fever; those with ≥2 virus detections had higher prevalence of cough; cases with virus and bacteria codetection were more likely to have cough and sputum. No significant difference in the risk of pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and intensive care unit admission were found for any codetection than monodetection.There was a high codetection rate of common respiratory pathogens among hospitalized pediatric ARI cases, with fever as a significant predictor. Cases with codetection showed no significant difference in severity than those with single pathogens.
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