ArticleAddiction biology2016
The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function.
Article in Addiction biology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic tobacco smoking and neurocognitive impairments in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Nicotine Reduction in Cigarettes: Literature Review and Gap Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Pooled it
- Polygenic liability for schizophrenia predicts shifting-specific executive function deficits and tobacco use in a moderate drinking community sample.Psychiatry research · 2019Pooled it
- A review of the effects of very low nicotine content cigarettes on behavioral and cognitive performance.Preventive medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Emotional Working Memory Training Treatment for Young Adult Problem Online Sports Bettors: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of gambling studies · 2024Trial
- Cumulative vulnerabilities as a potential moderator of response to reduced nicotine content cigarettes.Preventive medicine · 2021Trial
- The Effect of an Acute Bout of Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Motor Learning of a Continuous Tracking Task.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Molecular impact of nicotine and smoking exposure on the developing and adult mouse brain.Addiction neuroscience · 2026Article
- Correlation of N-acetylaspartyl glutamate level in the medial prefrontal cortex with FTND and daily smoking amounts in adult cigarette smokers.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Individual variations in motives for nicotine self-administration in male rats: evidence in support for a precision psychopharmacology.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Identifying Video Game Preferences Among Adults Interested in Quitting Smoking Cigarettes: Survey Study.JMIR serious games · 2022Article
- Neurobiological Mechanisms of Nicotine Reward and Aversion.Pharmacological reviews · 2022Review
- Associations Between Smoking Abstinence, Inhibitory Control, and Smoking Behavior: An fMRI Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- The effect of smoking on cognition as measured by Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CATNAB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor plasma levels.Saudi medical journal · 2020Article
- Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity in substance use disorders and treatment implications.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2019Review
- Substance Use Among Older People Living With HIV: Challenges for Health Care Providers.Frontiers in public health · 2019Review
- An integrated brain-behavior model for working memory.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Article
- The Effects of Smoking Abstinence on Incentivized Spatial Working Memory.Substance use & misuse · 2018Article
- Article
- Using Electrophysiological Measures to Assess the Consumer Acceptability of Smokeless Tobacco Products.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking abstinence impairs executive function, which may promote continued smoking behavior and relapse. The differential influence of nicotine and non-nicotine (i.e. sensory, motor) smoking factors and related neural substrates is not known. In a fully factorial, within-subjects design, 33 smokers underwent fMRI scanning following 24 hours of wearing a nicotine or placebo patch while smoking very low nicotine content cigarettes or remaining abstinent from smoking. During scanning, blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal was acquired while participants performed a verbal N-back task. Following 24-hour placebo (versus nicotine) administration, accuracy on the N-back task was significantly worse and task-related BOLD signal lower in dorsomedial frontal cortex. These effects were observed irrespective of smoking. Our data provide novel evidence that abstinence-induced deficits in working memory and changes in underlying brain function are due in large part to abstinence from nicotine compared with non-nicotine factors. This work has implications both for designing interventions that target abstinence-induced cognitive deficits and for nicotine-reduction policy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.