Trial reportClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Changes in Inflammation and Immune Activation With Atazanavir-, Raltegravir-, Darunavir-Based Initial Antiviral Therapy: ACTG 5260s.
Trial report in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 81 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The ARDENT Study: Atazanavir, Raltegravir, or Darunavir With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir for Naive Treatment
Cardiovascular, Anthropometric, and Skeletal Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Initiation With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF) Plus Atazanavir/Ritonavir (ATV/r), Darunavir/Ritonavir (DRV/r), or Raltegravir (RAL): Metabolic Substudy of A5257
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory Biomarker Reduction With Fostemsavir Over 96 Weeks in Heavily Treatment-Experienced Adults With Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1 in the BRIGHTE Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Changes to inflammatory markers during 5 years of viral suppression and during viral blips in people with HIV initiating different integrase inhibitor based regimens.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Coordination of inflammatory responses in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Adipokines, Weight Gain and Metabolic and Inflammatory Markers After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Grayscale Ultrasound Texture Features of Carotid and Brachial Arteries in People With HIV Infection Before and After Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Trial
- Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Is Associated With Decreased Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Density in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial of Sitagliptin for Reducing Inflammation and Immune Activation in Treated and Suppressed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Lower Pretreatment Gut Integrity Is Independently Associated With Fat Gain on Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Raltegravir-intensified initial antiretroviral therapy in advanced HIV disease in Africa: A randomised controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2018Trial
- Brief Report: Changes in Plasma RANKL-Osteoprotegerin in a Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial of Initial Antiviral Therapy: A5260s.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Inflammation investigated as a source of pharmacokinetic variability of atazanavir in AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol A5224s.Antiviral therapy · 2018Trial
- Insulin Resistance and Markers of Inflammation in HIV-infected Ugandan Children in the CHAPAS-3 Trial.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Differential CD4+ cell count increase and CD4+ : CD8+ ratio normalization with maraviroc compared with tenofovir.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Trial
- Body Composition Changes After Initiation of Raltegravir or Protease Inhibitors: ACTG A5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Trial
- Longitudinal assessment of inflammatory biomarkers among youth with perinatal HIV infection and HIV exposure.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Gut-Immune Axis in Treated HIV Infection: From Mucosal Damage to Chronic Inflammation and Therapeutic Opportunities-A Clinician-Oriented Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Monocyte Activation in People With HIV and Tuberculosis Coinfection and Effect of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy: An Analysis of the ACTG A5279/BRIEF TB Trial.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Mapping the Gut Microbiota Composition in the Context of Raltegravir, Dolutegravir, and Bictegravir-A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Repurposing raltegravir for reducing inflammation and treating cancer: a bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is unclear whether the integrase inhibitor raltegravir (RAL) reduces inflammation and immune activation compared with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PIs).
methodsIn a prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial that included 328 human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1)-infected, treatment-naive participants were randomized to receive tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) plus atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), or RAL. A total of 234 participants (71%) with HIV-1 RNA levels <50 copies/mL by week 24 were included. Plasma biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation that were analysed included high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6), GlycA, D-dimer, soluble CD14 (sCD14), sCD163, and sIL-2r; blood cellular markers included %CD38+DR+ of T-cell subsets and %CD14+CD16+ and%CD14(dim)CD16+ monocyte subsets. Changes from baseline were examined at earlier (24 or 48 weeks) and later (96 weeks) time points, with 95% confidence intervals on fold-change. Pairwise treatment groups were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests, with P values adjusted for false discovery rate control.
resultsChanges in biomarkers varied by regimen during the 96 weeks of follow-up as follows: hsCRP declined with ATV/r and RAL, IL-6 declined only with RAL, and GLycA decreased in all groups. D-dimer declined with ATV/r and DRV/r and was unchanged with RAL. Markers of T-cell activation and sCD163 (but not sCD14 and CD14-+CD16+) declined in all groups.
conclusionsDespite some differences in specific markers of inflammation and immune activation between the antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, we found no consistent evidence that the reduction of inflammation and immune activation with ART initiation was different between RAL and PI-based regimens. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00811954 and NCT00851799.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.