Trial reportClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Flu-like and Other Systemic Drug Reactions Among Persons Receiving Weekly Rifapentine Plus Isoniazid or Daily Isoniazid for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the PREVENT Tuberculosis Study.
Trial report in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
TBTC Study 26: Effectiveness and Tolerability of Weekly Rifapentine/Isoniazid for 3 Months Versus Daily Isoniazid for 9 Months for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
TBTC Study 33. An Evaluation of Adherence to Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) Treatment With 12 Doses of Once Weekly Rifapentine (RPT) and Isoniazid (INH) Given as Self-administered (SAT) Versus Directly-observed Therapy (DOT): iAdhere.
A Randomised, Pragmatic, Open-Label Trial To Evaluate The Effect Of Three Months Of High Dose Rifapentine Plus Isoniazid Administered As A Single Round Or Given Annually In HIV-Positive Individuals
Efficacy of Risk-Targeted Video Based Directly on Observed Therapy for Latent TB
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical effectiveness of three months once-weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine regimen for treatment of Latent TB Infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of different regimens in the treatment of patients with latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023Pooled it
- Guidelines for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2020.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2020Pooled it
- Isoniazid-Rifapentine for Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Update of Recommendations for Use of Once-Weekly Isoniazid-Rifapentine Regimen to Treat Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2018Guideline
- Efficacy and completion rates of rifapentine and isoniazid (3HP) compared to other treatment regimens for latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review with network meta-analyses.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Pooled it
- Three Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid Versus Four Months of Daily Rifampicin for Tuberculosis Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Assessment for Antibodies to Rifapentine and Isoniazid in Persons Developing Flu-Like Reactions During Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- High Isoniazid Exposures When Administered with Rifapentine Once Weekly for Latent Tuberculosis in Individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Trial
- One Month of Rifapentine plus Isoniazid to Prevent HIV-Related Tuberculosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2019Trial
- Cytokine-Mediated Systemic Adverse Drug Reactions in a Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Dolutegravir With Once-Weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Trial
- Self-administered Versus Directly Observed Once-Weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Randomized Trial.Annals of internal medicine · 2017Trial
- Three months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-coinfected persons.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Trial
- A Phase 2 Randomized Trial of a Rifapentine plus Moxifloxacin-Based Regimen for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Efficacy and safety of a novel short course rifapentine and isoniazid regimen for the preventive treatment of tuberculosis in Chinese silicosis patients: a pilot study (SCRIPT-TB).Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Prevalence and treatment outcomes of latent tuberculosis infection among older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in an area with intermediate tuberculosis burden.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Tuberculosis: An Update for the Clinician.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Review
- Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment in High TB-Burden Settings: A State-of-the-Art Review.Drugs · 2025Review
- A Case of Evolving Hepatotoxicity Following Systemic Drug Reaction to Isoniazid-Rifapentine (3HP).Case reports in hepatology · 2025Article
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults in South Korea.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWeekly rifapentine plus isoniazid for 3 months (3HP) is as effective as daily isoniazid for 9 months (9H) for latent tuberculosis infection in high-risk persons, but there have been reports of possible flu-like syndrome.
methodsWe identified clinically significant systemic drug reactions (SDR) and evaluated risk factors in patients who did not complete treatment in the PREVENT Tuberculosis study.
resultsAmong 7552 persons who received ≥ 1 dose of study drug, 153 had a SDR: 138/3893 (3.5%) with 3HP vs 15/3659 (0.4%) with 9H (P < .001). In the 3HP arm, 87 (63%) had flu-like syndrome and 23 (17%) had cutaneous reactions; 13/3893 (0.3%) had severe reactions (6 were hypotensive) and 6 reported syncope. Symptoms occurred after a median of 3 doses, and 4 hours after the dose; median time to resolution was 24 hours. There were no deaths. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors independently associated with SDR included receipt of 3HP (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 9.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5, 16.2), white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity (aOR 3.3; 95% CI, 2.3, 4.7), female sex (aOR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4, 2.9), age ≥ 35 years (aOR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4, 2.9), and lower body mass index (body mass index [BMI]; P = .009). In a separate multivariate analysis among persons who received 3HP, severe SDR were associated with white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity (aOR 5.4; 95% CI, 1.8, 16.3), and receipt of concomitant non-study medications (aOR 5.9; 95% CI, 1.3, 27.1).
conclusionsSDR were more common with 3HP, and mostly flu-like. Persons of white race, female sex, older age, and lower BMI were at increased risk. Severe reactions were rare and associated with 3HP, concomitant medication, and white race. The underlying mechanism is unclear. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00023452.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.