ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2015
Photo-, osmo- and phonophobia in the premonitory phase of migraine: mistaking symptoms for triggers?
Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Migraine and Restless Legs Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of sleep research · 2026Pooled it
- Unravelling the gut-brain connection: a systematic review of migraine and the gut microbiome.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Premonitory symptoms in migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies reporting prevalence or relative frequency.The journal of headache and pain · 2022Pooled it
- Headache and non-headache symptoms provoked by nitroglycerin in migraineurs: A human pharmacological triggering study.Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2020Trial
- A Global Perspective on Migraine Attack Triggers: Understanding Differences Across Lifestyles, Religions, and Regions.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Premonitory phase in primary headaches: shared and divergent mechanisms in migraine and cluster headache, the Junior Editorial Board Members' vision.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Stroboscopic light stimulation safety within and beyond laboratory settings: Observational evidence and practical guidance.PloS one · 2026Article
- Aberrant static and dynamic functional connectivity of auditory processing in migraine: A millisecond-scale magnetoencephalography study.Journal of biomedical research · 2025Article
- Migraine triggers and lifestyle modifications: an assessment of patients' awareness and the role of healthcare providers in patient education.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- The Role of Inflammation in Migraine Headaches: A Review.FASEB bioAdvances · 2025Review
- Unmasking the relationship between CGRP and glutamate: from peripheral excitation to central sensitization in migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Review
- Uncovering longitudinal changes in the brain functional connectome along the migraine cycle: a multilevel clinical connectome fingerprinting framework.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Characterizing Prodrome (Premonitory Phase) in Migraine: Results From the PRODROME Trial Screening Period.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Stroboscopically induced visual hallucinations: historical, phenomenological, and neurobiological perspectives.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2025Review
- Cycling sensitivity across migraine phases: A longitudinal case-control study.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of primary headache: part 1 - migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- Orofacial Migraine-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Intervening in the Premonitory Phase to Prevent Migraine: Prospects for Pharmacotherapy.CNS drugs · 2024Review
- The relationship between pesticide exposures and primary headaches in adults: A cross-sectional study based on Rafsanjan cohort study.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCertain environmental stimuli are frequently reported as typical triggers of migraine pain. Whether these so-called triggers are independent precipitators of migraine pain or mere symptoms of the premonitory phase of migraine remains to be elucidated.
methodsIn this retrospective cohort study of 1010 migraine patients of a tertiary headache center we assessed the frequency of common trigger factors, premonitory symptoms and accompanying symptoms as well as basic headache characteristics and demographic data.
resultsPremonitory symptoms with an onset of 2 or more hours prior to the headache were present in 38.9% of migraine patients, the most frequent being a tense neck, phonophobia and difficulty concentrating. There was a clear overlap of certain trigger factors and the presence of corresponding premonitory symptoms: flickering or bright light as a trigger was associated with higher frequency of photophobia in the premonitory phase. The same applied to the presence of food craving and osmophobia in the premonitory phase and certain foods or odours as trigger factors.
conclusionsOur data thus support the view that commonly reported trigger factors of migraine are not so much independent precipitators of migraine pain, but that they are most likely just misinterpreted results of enhanced attention to certain stimuli mediated by typical premonitory symptoms of migraine pain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.