ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2015
Bioengineering Thymus Organoids to Restore Thymic Function and Induce Donor-Specific Immune Tolerance to Allografts.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Airflow controlled droplet bioprinting enables high-throughput generation of iPSC-derived thymic organoids withBiofabrication · 2026Article
- Human Organoids as a Novel Tool for Vaccine Study.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Combinatory differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells generates functional thymic epithelium driving dendritic cell and CD4/CD8 T cell development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hematopoietic organoids: Opportunities and challenges in modeling human hematopoiesis and diseases in vitro.Stem cell reports · 2026Review
- Immune and Immune-Integrated Organoids as NextGeneration Platforms for Disease Modeling.MedComm · 2025Review
- Immunosenescence and organoids: pathophysiology and therapeutic opportunities.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Informed clinical decisions by outfoxing human FOXN1 variants.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Targeting immunosenescence and inflammaging: advancing longevity research.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Endogenous thymic regeneration: restoring T cell production following injury.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Unlocking Transplant Tolerance with Biomaterials.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Next-generation T cell immunotherapy: overcoming exhaustion, senescence, and suppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Engineering immune organoids to regenerate host immune system.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2024Review
- Rediscovering the human thymus through cutting-edge technologies.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Thymic epithelial organoids mediate T-cell development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Comparison of Elicitation Approaches in Early Stage HTA Applied on Artificial Thymus for Patients with DiGeorge Syndrome.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Investigating Thymic Epithelial Cell Diversity Using Systems Biology.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Review
- Review
- Congenital Athymia: Unmet Needs and Practical Guidance.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2023Review
- A model for preservation of thymocyte-depleted thymus.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2023Article
- The potential role of the thymus in immunotherapies for acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
One of the major obstacles in organ transplantation is to establish immune tolerance of allografts. Although immunosuppressive drugs can prevent graft rejection to a certain degree, their efficacies are limited, transient, and associated with severe side effects. Induction of thymic central tolerance to allografts remains challenging, largely because of the difficulty of maintaining donor thymic epithelial cells in vitro to allow successful bioengineering. Here, the authors show that three-dimensional scaffolds generated from decellularized mouse thymus can support thymic epithelial cell survival in culture and maintain their unique molecular properties. When transplanted into athymic nude mice, the bioengineered thymus organoids effectively promoted homing of lymphocyte progenitors and supported thymopoiesis. Nude mice transplanted with thymus organoids promptly rejected skin allografts and were able to mount antigen-specific humoral responses against ovalbumin on immunization. Notably, tolerance to skin allografts was achieved by transplanting thymus organoids constructed with either thymic epithelial cells coexpressing both syngeneic and allogenic major histocompatibility complexes, or mixtures of donor and recipient thymic epithelial cells. Our results demonstrate the technical feasibility of restoring thymic function with bioengineered thymus organoids and highlight the clinical implications of this thymus reconstruction technique in organ transplantation and regenerative medicine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.