Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25902487›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

The genome of cultivated sweet potato contains Agrobacterium T-DNAs with expressed genes: An example of a naturally transgenic food crop.

Tina Kyndt, Dora Quispe, Hong Zhai, Robert Jarret, Marc Ghislain, Qingchang Liu, Godelieve Gheysen, Jan F Kreuze

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
16.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 275 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The Promise of Synthetic Biology for Redesigning Plant Architecture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Functional Analysis of Naturally IntegratedPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Horizontal Gene Transfer in Plants and Implications for Biotechnology.Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Stable transformation mediated byFrontiers in plant science · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Tina KyndtDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
Dora QuispeDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; International Potato Center, Lima 12, Peru;
Hong ZhaiBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 100193; and.
Robert JarretPlant Genetic Resources Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Griffin, GA 30223.
Marc GhislainInternational Potato Center, Lima 12, Peru;
Qingchang LiuBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 100193; and.
Godelieve GheysenDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
Jan F KreuzeInternational Potato Center, Lima 12, Peru; j.kreuze@cgiar.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6116-9200
International Potato Center · PEGhent University · BEMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of China · CNAgricultural Research Service · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Agrobacterium tumefaciens are plant pathogenic bacteria capable of transferring DNA fragments [transfer DNA (T-DNA)] bearing functional genes into the host plant genome. This naturally occurring mechanism has been adapted by plant biotechnologists to develop genetically modified crops that today are grown on more than 10% of the world's arable land, although their use can result in considerable controversy. While assembling small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, of sweet potato plants for metagenomic analysis, sequences homologous to T-DNA sequences from Agrobacterium spp. were discovered. Simple and quantitative PCR, Southern blotting, genome walking, and bacterial artificial chromosome library screening and sequencing unambiguously demonstrated that two different T-DNA regions (IbT-DNA1 and IbT-DNA2) are present in the cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) genome and that these foreign genes are expressed at detectable levels in different tissues of the sweet potato plant. IbT-DNA1 was found to contain four open reading frames (ORFs) homologous to the tryptophan-2-monooxygenase (iaaM), indole-3-acetamide hydrolase (iaaH), C-protein (C-prot), and agrocinopine synthase (Acs) genes of Agrobacterium spp. IbT-DNA1 was detected in all 291 cultigens examined, but not in close wild relatives. IbT-DNA2 contained at least five ORFs with significant homology to the ORF14, ORF17n, rooting locus (Rol)B/RolC, ORF13, and ORF18/ORF17n genes of A. rhizogenes. IbT-DNA2 was detected in 45 of 217 genotypes that included both cultivated and wild species. Our finding, that sweet potato is naturally transgenic while being a widely and traditionally consumed food crop, could affect the current consumer distrust of the safety of transgenic food crops.

Indexed as

Genome, PlantPlants, Genetically ModifiedAgrobacteriumDNA, BacterialDNA, PlantFood SafetyGene Transfer, HorizontalIpomoea batatasOpen Reading FramesPhylogenyPlant LeavesPlant RootsPlant ShootsPlant StemsRNA, Small InterferingSequence Analysis, DNADNA, BacterialDNA, PlantRNA, Small InterferingT-DNAAgrobacterium spp.food safetyhorizontal gene transfersweet potatotransgenic crops

Identifiers

PMID25902487
PMCPMC4426443
OpenAlexW2009984602

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.