ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2015
Anabolic-androgenic steroids and decision making: Probability and effort discounting in male rats.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anabolic androgenic steroids induce distinct monoaminergic and lipidomic alterations in the male rat brain.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Nandrolone alters the behavioral response to cocaine as well as striatal and cortical dopamine receptors of prepubertal male rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Chronic high-dose testosterone impairs economic decision making, but has no effect on memory in male rats.Behavioural processes · 2024Article
- Neurosteroids and the mesocorticolimbic system.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Regulation of sex differences in risk-based decision making by gonadal hormones: Insights from rodent models.Behavioural processes · 2022Review
- Regulation of risky decision making by gonadal hormones in males and females.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in the United Kingdom: An update.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Review
- Anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse and cognitive impairment: Testosterone IMPAIRS biconditional task performance in male rats.Behavioural brain research · 2020Article
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids and cognitive effort discounting in male rats.Hormones and behavior · 2019Article
- Exercise Attenuates Anabolic Steroids-Induced Anxiety via Hippocampal NPY and MC4 Receptor in Rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids alter decision making in a balanced rodent model of the Iowa gambling task.Behavioral neuroscience · 2018Article
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) increase sensitivity to uncertainty by inhibition of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Androgen Regulation of the Mesocorticolimbic System and Executive Function.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- Male rats play a repeated donation game.Physiology & behavior · 2017Article
- Sex differences and hormonal modulation of ethanol-enhanced risk taking in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Article
- Sex differences in animal models of decision making.Journal of neuroscience research · 2017Review
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids decrease dendritic spine density in the nucleus accumbens of male rats.Neuroscience · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse is implicated in maladaptive behaviors such as increased aggression and risk taking. Impaired judgment due to changes in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system may contribute to these behavioral changes. While AAS are known to influence dopamine function in mesocorticolimbic circuitry, the effects on decision making are unknown. This was the focus of the present study. Adolescent male Long-Evans rats were treated chronically with high-dose testosterone (7.5 mg/kg) or vehicle (13% cyclodextrin in water), and tested for cost/benefit decision making in two discounting paradigms. Rats chose between a small reward (1 sugar pellet) and a large discounted reward (3 or 4 pellets). Probability discounting (PD) measures sensitivity to reward uncertainty by decreasing the probability (100, 75, 50, 25, 0%) of receiving the large reward in successive blocks of each daily session. Effort discounting (ED) measures sensitivity to a work cost by increasing the lever presses required to earn the large reward (1, 2, 5, 10, 15 presses). In PD, testosterone-treated rats selected the large/uncertain reward significantly less than vehicle-treated controls. However, during ED, testosterone-treated rats selected the large/high effort reward significantly more than controls. These studies show that testosterone has divergent effects on different aspects of decision making. Specifically, testosterone increases aversion to uncertainty but decreases sensitivity to the output of effort for reward. These results have implications for understanding maladaptive behavioral changes in human AAS users.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.