ArticleNeurochemical research2015
S100B and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Indexes to Monitor Damage Severity in an In Vitro Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.
Article in Neurochemical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular evidence of the amelioration of toluene induced encephalopathy by human breast milk mesenchymal stem cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Forensic biomarkers of lethal traumatic brain injury.International journal of legal medicine · 2022Review
- Assessment of Neuronal Damage in Brain Slice Cultures Using Machine Learning Based on Spatial Features.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Circulating GFAP and Iba-1 levels are associated with pathophysiological sequelae in the thalamus in a pig model of mild TBI.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Current advances in in vitro models of central nervous system trauma.Current opinion in biomedical engineering · 2020Article
- Diagnostic Value of Serum Biomarkers for Differentiating Central and Peripheral Causes of Acute Vertigo.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- Survival-time dependent increase in neuronal IL-6 and astroglial GFAP expression in fatally injured human brain tissue.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Protects Hippocampal Rat Slices from NMDA Excitotoxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Advances in ex vivo models and lab-on-a-chip devices for neural tissue engineering.Biomaterials · 2019Review
- From Mouth to Brain: Neuroendocrine Markers Play as a Crosstalk Among Oral and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Protective Effects of Cornel Iridoid Glycoside in Rats After Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurochemical research · 2018Article
- MicroRNA Signature of Traumatic Brain Injury: From the Biomarker Discovery to the Point-of-Care.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Review
- Salivary MicroRNAs: Diagnostic Markers of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Contact-Sport.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2018Article
- New astroglial injury-defined biomarkers for neurotrauma assessment.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2017Article
- Cystatin D (CST5): An ultra-early inflammatory biomarker of traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Stretch Injury of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Neurons in a 96 Well Format.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Blood biomarkers for brain injury: What are we measuring?Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading and rising cause of death and disability worldwide. There is great interest in S100B and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP) as candidate biomarkers of TBI for diagnosis, triage, prognostication and drug development. However, conflicting results especially on S100B hamper their routine application in clinical practice. To try to address this question, we mimicked TBI damage utilizing a well-validated, simplified in vitro model of graded stretch injury induced in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC). Different severities of trauma, from mild to severe, have been tested by using an equi-biaxial stretch of the OHSCs at a specified Lagrangian strain of 0 (controls), 5, 10, 20 and 50 %. OHSC were analysed at 3, 6, 18, 24, 48 and 96 h post-injury. Cell death, gene expressions and release into the culture medium of S100B and GFAP were determined at each time point. Gene expression and release of S100B slightly increased only in 20 and 50 % stretched OHSC. GFAP over-expression occurred in 10, 20 and 50 % and was inversely correlated with time post-injury. GFAP release significantly increased with time at any level of injury (p < 0.01 with respect to controls). Consequently, the total amount of GFAP released showed a strong linear relationship with the severity of injury (R(2) = 0.7662; p < 0.001). Under these experimental conditions, S100B seems to be useful in diagnosing only moderate to severe TBI-like injuries. Differently, GFAP demonstrates adequate biomarker requisites since its cellular release is affected by all grades of injury severity.
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