ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2015
Quality of the antibiotics--amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole from Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Anti-malarial medicine quality field studies and surveys: a systematic review of screening technologies used and reporting of findings.Malaria journal · 2017Pooled it
- Article
- In vitro study on the bacteriostatic effect of Amoxicillin-loaded Nano-hydroxyapatite and its capability in occluding dentinal tubules.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Quality evaluation of cephalexin, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone medicines marketed in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia with three tier level approach and anti-microbial assays.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Molecular landscape of methicillin-resistantJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of tropical climates on the quality of commonly used antibiotics: the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Article
- The comparison of the quality of selected brands of antibiotics in Tanzania sourced from different geographical regions.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
- A random survey of the prevalence of falsified and substandard antibiotics in the Lao PDR.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Investigation of the Quality of the 12 Most-Used Antibiotics Available in Retail Private Pharmacies in Rwanda.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Emerging Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Africa and Latin America: Search for Reasons.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2022Review
- Authentication of Antibiotics Using Portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis.Applied spectroscopy · 2021Article
- Quality assessment of selected co-trimoxazole suspension brands marketed in Nairobi County, Kenya.PloS one · 2021Article
- Comparative Quality Evaluation of Selected Brands of Cefuroxime Axetil Tablets Marketed in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2021Article
- Country Income Is Only One of the Tiles: The Global Journey of Antimicrobial Resistance among Humans, Animals, and Environment.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Quality and Brands of Amoxicillin Formulations in Nairobi, Kenya.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Managing uncertainty in medicine quality in Ghana: The cognitive and affective basis of trust in a high-risk, low-regulation context.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2019Article
- Levofloxacin: Insights Into Antibiotic Resistance and Product Quality.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Review
- The Quality of Medicines Used in Children and Supplied by Private Pharmaceutical Wholesalers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Prospective Survey.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Global Pharma Health Fund Minilab™ in Assessing Pharmacopoeial Quality of Antimicrobials.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known about the quality of antibiotics despite being in high demand globally. Thirty five samples (27 brands) of the antibiotics amoxicillin (N = 20; 16 brands) and co-trimoxazole (N = 15; 11 brands), manufactured in six countries (China, Ghana, India, Ireland, Nigeria, and United Kingdom), were purchased in Ghana, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom. Their quality was assessed using German Pharma Health Fund (GPHF) MiniLab® as the screening tool-two capsules of amoxicillin (10%) and two tablets of co-trimoxazole (20%) failed the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) test. Definitive drug quality was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) for content of the stated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and bioavailability was determined with in vitro dissolution testing. All the samples of amoxicillin complied with U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) tolerance limits, but 60% tablets of co-trimoxazole (purchased in Ghana and Nigeria) did not. There was disparity in the results obtained for co-trimoxazole and amoxicillin samples using the MiniLab® TLC tests. This highlights the need to invest in techniques such as HPLC-PDA and dissolution testing alongside the screening tests for assessing drug quality.
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