ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2015
Quality of Artemisinin-Containing Antimalarials in Tanzania's Private Sector--Results from a Nationally Representative Outlet Survey.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies in East Africa: A Systematic Review of Quality, Clinical Efficacy, and Regulatory Progress Towards Sustainable Malaria Control.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of substandard, falsified, unlicensed and unregistered medicine sampling studies: a focus on context, prevalence, and quality.BMJ global health · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence and Estimated Economic Burden of Substandard and Falsified Medicines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2018Pooled it
- Nearly one in five essential medicines fail quality standards in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of MNCH medicines and antimalarials.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Assessing the quality of antimalarial drugs in Equatorial Guinea: a follow-up study.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Emerging threat of artemisinin partial resistance markers (pfk13 mutations) in Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations in multiple geographical locations in high transmission regions of Uganda.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Prevalence of substandard, falsified, unlicensed and unregistered medicine and its associated factors in Africa: a systematic review.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Review
- Antimalarial procurement in private-sector pharmaceutical outlets: decision-making complexities and implications for medicine quality in Tanzania.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Poor-quality antimalarials further health inequities in Uganda.Health policy and planning · 2019Article
- Development of an agent-based model to assess the impact of substandard and falsified anti-malarials: Uganda case study.Malaria journal · 2019Article
- Poor quality male latex condoms found in Dominican Republic: Quality assurance evaluation and public health impact.PloS one · 2019Article
- Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Mass Spectrometry of Falsified Antimalarials.Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2018Article
- Are we doing enough to prevent poor-quality antimalarial medicines in the developing world?BMC public health · 2018Article
- Do anti-malarials in Africa meet quality standards? The market penetration of non quality-assured artemisinin combination therapy in eight African countries.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- The malaria testing and treatment landscape in Benin.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- The malaria testing and treatment landscape in mainland Tanzania, 2016.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- The malaria testing and treatment market in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2013.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- Prevalence of substandard and falsified artemisinin-based combination antimalarial medicines on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.BMJ global health · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ensuring that artemisinin-containing antimalarials (ACAs) are of good quality is a key component of effective malaria treatment. There are concerns that a high proportion of ACAs are falsified or substandard, though estimates are rarely based on representative data. During a nationally representative survey in Tanzania, ACAs were purchased from private retail drug outlets, and the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was measured. All 1,737 ACAs contained the labeled artemisinin derivative, with 4.1% being outside the 85-115% artemisinin API range defined as acceptable quality. World Health Organization (WHO) prequalified drugs had 0.1 times the odds of being poor quality compared with non-prequalified ACAs for the artemisinin component. When partner components of combination therapies were also considered, 12.1% were outside the acceptable API range, and WHO prequalified ACAs had 0.04 times the odds of being poor quality. Although the prevalence of poor quality ACAs was lower than reported elsewhere, the minority of samples found to be substandard is a cause for concern. Improvements in quality could be achieved by increasing the predominance of WHO prequalified products in the market. Continued monitoring of quality standards is essential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.