ArticleBlood2015
Central nervous system acute lymphoblastic leukemia: role of natural killer cells.
Article in Blood, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunometabolic determinants of long-term response in leukemia patients receiving CD19 CAR T cell therapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Maternal immunization impairs lymphoma growth and CNS/ocular metastasis in the offspring.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- CXCR4 antagonists disrupt leukaemia-meningeal cell adhesion and attenuate chemoresistance.British journal of haematology · 2023Article
- Intrathecal CAR-NK cells infusion for isolated CNS relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: case report.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Article
- The role of interleukin-15 in the development and treatment of hematological malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of microenvironment in the initiation and evolution of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Management of CNS Disease in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Current hematologic malignancy reports · 2022Review
- Residual Bone Marrow T & NK-Cells at Diagnosis in Pediatric Pre-B-ALL: A Case-Control Study.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Targeted blockade of immune mechanisms inhibit B precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell invasion of the central nervous system.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Article
- Late isolated central nervous system relapse in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with intensified systemic therapy and delayed reduced dose cranial radiation: A report from the Children's Oncology Group study AALL02P2.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2021Article
- Leukaemia: a model metastatic disease.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2021Review
- Metabolic adaptation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia to the central nervous system microenvironment is dependent on Stearoyl CoA desaturase.Nature cancer · 2020Article
- When the bond breaks - targeting adhesion of leukemia cells to the meninges.Haematologica · 2020Article
- Involvement of the central nervous system in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: opinions on molecular mechanisms and clinical implications based on recent data.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2020Review
- NK Cells as Possible Prognostic Factor in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Disease markers · 2019Article
- Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: a pilot study.OncoTargets and therapy · 2019Article
- Bioluminescence Imaging Enhances Analysis of Drug Responses in a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model of Pediatric ALL.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Article
- Suppressors and activators of JAK-STAT signaling at diagnosis and relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Down syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of the central nervous system: on the role of PBX1.Haematologica · 2017Article
- The Role of the Central Nervous System Microenvironment in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
22 authors at 13 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Central nervous system acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CNS-ALL) is a major clinical problem. Prophylactic therapy is neurotoxic, and a third of the relapses involve the CNS. Increased expression of interleukin 15 (IL-15) in leukemic blasts is associated with increased risk for CNS-ALL. Using in vivo models for CNS leukemia caused by mouse T-ALL and human xenografts of ALL cells, we demonstrate that expression of IL-15 in leukemic cells is associated with the activation of natural killer (NK) cells. This activation limits the outgrowth of leukemic cells in the periphery, but less in the CNS because NK cells are excluded from the CNS. Depletion of NK cells in NOD/SCID mice enabled combined systemic and CNS leukemia of human pre-B-ALL. The killing of human leukemia lymphoblasts by NK cells depended on the expression of the NKG2D receptor. Analysis of bone marrow (BM) diagnostic samples derived from children with subsequent CNS-ALL revealed a significantly high expression of the NKG2D and NKp44 receptors. We suggest that the CNS may be an immunologic sanctuary protected from NK-cell activity. CNS prophylactic therapy may thus be needed with emerging NK cell-based therapies against hematopoietic malignancies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.