ArticleNeurochemical research2015
Fine Astrocyte Processes Contain Very Small Mitochondria: Glial Oxidative Capability May Fuel Transmitter Metabolism.
Article in Neurochemical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Context-Dependent modulation of astrocytic CaJournal of computational neuroscience · 2026Article
- Spatially patterned cytoskeletal organization shapes astrocyte branch complexity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- MGlu5 Dependent Mitochondrial Translocation of PKCδ: A Mechanism Raising Astrocytic Oxidative Metabolism in Response to Extracellular Glutamate.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- A budget for brain metabolic water production by glucose catabolism during rest, rises in activity and sleep.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- Review
- A functional account of stimulation-based aerobic glycolysis and its role in interpreting BOLD signal intensity increases in neuroimaging experiments.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- Astrocytic pathology in Alpers' syndrome.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- Plasticity of perisynaptic astroglia during ischemia-induced spreading depolarization.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- How expensive is the astrocyte?Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2022Article
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Elamipretide in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration and High-Risk Drusen: ReCLAIM High-Risk Drusen Study.Ophthalmology science · 2022Article
- Astrocyte Mitochondria in White-Matter Injury.Neurochemical research · 2021Review
- Nicotine induces morphological and functional changes in astrocytes via nicotinic receptor activity.Glia · 2021Article
- Article
- Incomplete response to Anti-VEGF therapy in neovascular AMD: Exploring disease mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- Dynamic properties of mitochondria during human corticogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2021Review
- Emerging Roles for Aberrant Astrocytic Calcium Signals in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Reevaluation of Astrocyte-Neuron Energy Metabolism with Astrocyte Volume Fraction Correction: Impact on Cellular Glucose Oxidation Rates, Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle Energetics, Glycogen Levels and Utilization Rates vs. Exercising Muscle, and NaNeurochemical research · 2020Review
- Glutamate Transporters and Mitochondria: Signaling, Co-compartmentalization, Functional Coupling, and Future Directions.Neurochemical research · 2020Review
- Physiology of Astroglial Excitability.Function (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Characterization of Subcellular Organelles in Cortical Perisynaptic Astrocytes.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The peripheral astrocyte process (PAP) is the glial compartment largely handling inactivation of transmitter glutamate, and supplying glutamate to the axon terminal. It is not clear how these energy demanding processes are fueled, and whether the PAP exhibits oxidative capability. Whereas the GFAP-positive perinuclear cytoplasm and stem process are rich in mitochondria, the PAP is often considered too narrow to contain mitochondria and might thus not rely on oxidative metabolism. Applying high resolution light microscopy, we investigate here the presence of mitochondria in the PAPs of freshly dissociated, isolated astrocytes. We provide an overview of the subcellular distribution and the approximate size of astrocytic mitochondria. A substantial proportion of the astrocyte's mitochondria are contained in the PAPs and, on the average, they are smaller there than in the stem processes. The majority of mitochondria in the stem and peripheral processes are surprisingly small (0.2-0.4 µm), spherical and not elongate, or tubular, which is supported by electron microscopy. The density of mitochondria is two to several times lower in the PAPs than in the stem processes. Thus, PAPs do not constitute a mitochondria free glial compartment but contain mitochondria in large numbers. No juxtaposition of mitochondria-containing PAPs and glutamatergic synapses has been reported. However, the issue of sufficient ATP concentrations in perisynaptic PAPs can be seen in the light of (1) the rapid, activity dependent PAP motility, and (2) the recently reported activity-dependent mitochondrial transport and immobilization leading to spatial, subcellular organisation of glutamate uptake and oxidative metabolism.
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