ArticleJournal of ophthalmology2015
Dry eye and corneal langerhans cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in Journal of ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of dry eye in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Local ocular surface parameters in patients with systemic celiac disease.Eye (London, England) · 2017Trial
- Association of Topical Therapy and Surgical Management with Corneal Parameters in Congenital PAX6-Related Classical Aniridia: a Cross-Sectional Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Corneal nerve abnormalities in early-stage diabetic retinopathy evaluated by corneal confocal microscopy.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Corneal epithelial dendritic cells associated with ocular pain in dry eye disease.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Unveiling Ocular Manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Dry eye disease: identification and therapeutic strategies for primary care clinicians and clinical specialists.Annals of medicine · 2023Review
- Confocal Microscopy Abnormalities Preceding Antibody Positivity and Manifestations of Sjogren's Syndrome.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2023Article
- Disrupted Neural Regeneration in Dry Eye Secondary to Ankylosing Spondylitis-With a Theoretical Link between Piezo2 Channelopathy and Gateway Reflex, WDR Neurons, and Flare-Ups.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Neural Regeneration in Dry Eye Secondary to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Is Also Disrupted like in Rheumatoid Arthritis, but in a Progressive Fashion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease Related Dry Eye and Its Association with Retinopathy.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Corneal dendritic cells in diabetes mellitus: A narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Lifestyle and Symptom Risk Factors for Dry Eye Disease in Asian Gout Population: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Corneal Langerhans cells in children with celiac disease.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Subclinical Corneal Nerve Fiber Damage and Immune Cell Activation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Corneal Confocal Microscopy Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Relationships between activated dendritic cells and dry eye symptoms and signs.The ocular surface · 2021Article
- Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography of Tear Film and Cornea in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Advances in Screening, Early Diagnosis and Accurate Staging of Diabetic Neuropathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Measurements of scleral thickness and corneal optic densitometry in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Medicine · 2020Article
- Dry Eyes Status on Des Scale and Related Factors in Outpatients at Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology.Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose. Investigation of dry eye and corneal Langerhans cells (LCs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. Prospective consecutive case series of 27 SLE patients and 27 control subjects. Dry eye was evaluated by lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF), Schirmer test, tear break-up time (TBUT), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire. In vivo investigation of corneal LCs density and morphology (LCM) was performed with confocal corneal microscopy (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph with Rostock Cornea Module). Results. Tear production and stability were pathological in SLE subjects compared to control (Schirmer: 8.45 ± 9.82 mm/5 min versus 11.67 ± 3.21 mm/5 min; TBUT: 6.86 ± 3.53 s versus 11.09 ± 3.37 s). OSDI was significantly greater in SLE patients (25.95 ± 17.92) than in controls (11.06 ± 7.18). Central LC density was greater in SLE patients (43.08 ± 48.67 cell/mm(2)) than in controls (20.57 ± 21.04 cell/mm(2)). There was no difference in the peripheral LC density (124.78 ± 165.39 versus 78.00 ± 39.51 cell/mm(2)). LCM was higher in SLE patients in the centre (1.43 ± 0.79) and in the periphery (2.89 ± 0.42) compared to controls (centre: 1.00 ± 0.69, periphery: 2.35 ± 0.54). Conclusions. Significant changes in dry eye parameters and marked increase of central LCs could be demonstrated in SLE patients. SLE alters not only the LC density but also the morphology, modifies corneal homeostasis, and might contribute to the development of dry eye.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.