ArticleInternational journal of MS care
The 7-item generalized anxiety disorder scale as a tool for measuring generalized anxiety in multiple sclerosis.
Article in International journal of MS care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mindfulness, Group Therapy and Psychosis; Training Decreases Anxiety and Depression in Outpatients With a Psychotic Disorder in a Non-Randomized Within Group Comparison
Healthy Weight and Stress Management Study
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Palliative Care Interventions Effects on Psychological Distress: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.Journal of pain and symptom management · 2023Pooled it
- The prevalence and risk factors of anxiety in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dialectical behavioral therapy-based prevention of non-suicidal self-harm among secondary students in China: a randomized controlled trial.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of an internet-based intervention for service members of the German armed forces with deployment-related posttraumatic stress symptoms.BMC psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Spectral Composition of Ambient White Light Modulates Photophobia and Headache Intensity During Migraine Attacks.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Co-development of a protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial of CIRCuiTS™ cognitive remediation therapy for people with multiple sclerosis.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2026Review
- Validation of the Body Compassion Scale in multiple sclerosis.Rehabilitation psychology · 2026Article
- Is one additional phone call enough? - Effectiveness of additional human support to reduce dropout from an internet-based intervention for depressive symptoms: A randomized-controlled trial.Internet interventions · 2025Article
- The Association between Multiple Environmental Exposures and Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in a Prospective, US-Based Cohort Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Implementation of Cognition, Fatigue, and Mental Health Screening at a Canadian Multiple Sclerosis Center: A Quality Improvement Initiative.International journal of MS care · 2025Article
- A contribution to the French validation of the clinical anxiety scale amongst health care workers in Switzerland.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- Assessing attitudes towards insulin pump therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes: Italian validation of the Insulin Pump Attitudes Questionnaire (IT-IPA questionnaire).Acta diabetologica · 2023Article
- Sex differences evident in elevated anxiety symptoms in multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Strengthening Mental Abilities with Relational Training (SMART) in multiple sclerosis (MS): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2022Article
- Quality of life in individuals newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis or clinically isolated syndrome.Journal of neurology · 2022Article
- The impact of socioeconomic status on mental health and health-seeking behavior across race and ethnicity in a large multiple sclerosis cohort.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Impact of Action Video Gaming Behavior on Attention, Anxiety, and Sleep Among University Students.Psychology research and behavior management · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) but understudied. Reliable and valid measures are needed to advance clinical care and expand research in this area. The objectives of this study were to examine the psychometric properties of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) in individuals with MS and to analyze correlates of GAD.
methodsParticipants (N = 513) completed the anxiety module of the Patient Health Questionnaire (GAD-7). To evaluate psychometric properties of the GAD-7, the sample was randomly split to conduct exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.
resultsBased on the exploratory factor analysis, a one-factor structure was specified for the confirmatory factor analysis, which showed excellent global fit to the data (χ(2) 12 = 15.17, P = .23, comparative fit index = 0.99, root mean square error of approximation = 0.03, standardized root mean square residual = 0.03). The Cronbach alpha (0.75) indicated acceptable internal consistency for the scale. Furthermore, the GAD-7 was highly correlated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (r = 0.70). Age and duration of MS were both negatively associated with GAD. Higher GAD-7 scores were observed in women and individuals with secondary progressive MS. Individuals with higher GAD-7 scores also endorsed more depressive symptoms.
conclusionsThese findings support the reliability and internal validity of the GAD-7 for use in MS. Correlational analyses revealed important relationships with demographics, disease course, and depressive symptoms, which suggest the need for further anxiety research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.