ArticleOphthalmology2015
Evaluation of Postural Control in Patients with Glaucoma Using a Virtual Reality Environment.
Article in Ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Balance Performance in People With Peripheral Visual Field Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Pooled it
- Understanding Glaucoma: Why it Remains a Leading Cause of Blindness Worldwide.Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde · 2025Review
- The relationship between a simulated glaucoma impairment and postural threat on quiet stance.Virtual reality · 2025Article
- Article
- [Is home perimetry possible?]Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia · 2021Article
- Advanced glaucoma at diagnosis: current perspectives.Eye (London, England) · 2020Review
- Objective Assessment of Activity Limitation in Glaucoma with Smartphone Virtual Reality Goggles: A Pilot Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2018Article
- Wayfinding and Glaucoma: A Virtual Reality Experiment.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2017Article
- The Association of Glaucomatous Visual Field Loss and Balance.Translational vision science & technology · 2017Article
- Article
- The Role of Retinal Imaging and Portable Screening Devices in Tele-ophthalmology Applications for Diabetic Retinopathy Management.Current diabetes reports · 2016Review
- What rates of glaucoma progression are clinically significant?Expert review of ophthalmology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate postural control using a dynamic virtual reality environment and the relationship between postural metrics and history of falls in patients with glaucoma.
designCross-sectional study.
participantsThe study involved 42 patients with glaucoma with repeatable visual field defects on standard automated perimetry (SAP) and 38 control healthy subjects.
methodsPatients underwent evaluation of postural stability by a force platform during presentation of static and dynamic visual stimuli on stereoscopic head-mounted goggles. The dynamic visual stimuli presented rotational and translational ecologically valid peripheral background perturbations. Postural stability was also tested in a completely dark field to assess somatosensory and vestibular contributions to postural control. History of falls was evaluated by a standard questionnaire.
main outcome measuresTorque moments around the center of foot pressure on the force platform were measured, and the standard deviations of the torque moments (STD) were calculated as a measurement of postural stability and reported in Newton meters (Nm). The association with history of falls was investigated using Poisson regression models. Age, gender, body mass index, severity of visual field defect, best-corrected visual acuity, and STD on dark field condition were included as confounding factors.
resultsPatients with glaucoma had larger overall STD than controls during both translational (5.12 ± 2.39 Nm vs. 3.85 ± 1.82 Nm, respectively; P = 0.005) and rotational stimuli (5.60 ± 3.82 Nm vs. 3.93 ± 2.07 Nm, respectively; P = 0.022). Postural metrics obtained during dynamic visual stimuli performed better in explaining history of falls compared with those obtained in static and dark field condition. In the multivariable model, STD values in the mediolateral direction during translational stimulus were significantly associated with a history of falls in patients with glaucoma (incidence rate ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-2.63; P = 0.001).
conclusionsThe study presented and validated a novel paradigm for evaluation of balance control in patients with glaucoma on the basis of the assessment of postural reactivity to dynamic visual stimuli using a virtual reality environment. The newly developed metrics were associated with a history of falls and may help to provide a better understanding of balance control in patients with glaucoma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.