ArticleCardiovascular ultrasound2015
Comparison of left ventricular mechanics in runners versus bodybuilders using speckle tracking echocardiography.
Article in Cardiovascular ultrasound, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Left Ventricular Speckle Tracking-Derived Cardiac Strain and Cardiac Twist Mechanics in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Studies.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Pooled it
- Echocardiographic Parameters and Athlete Performance: Associations and Training Profile Comparisons.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Assessment of left ventricular systolic function using a non-invasive index of myocardial work in amateur marathon runners.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Left ventricular deformation in athletes playing sports with high dynamics-insights from the three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR-Sport Study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023Article
- Physiological Effects of Training in Elite German Winter Sport Athletes: Sport Specific Remodeling Determined Using Echocardiographic Data and CPET Performance Parameters.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Article
- Physiological Aspects of World Elite Competitive German Winter Sport Athletes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Difference in cardiac remodeling between female athletes and pregnant women: a case control study.Cardiovascular ultrasound · 2022Article
- Athlete's Heart in Elite Biathlon, Nordic Cross-Country and Ski-Mountaineering Athletes: Cardiac Adaptions Determined Using Echocardiographic Data.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2021Article
- Sex Differences in Exercise-Training-Related Functional and Morphological Adaptation of Rat Gracilis Muscle Arterioles.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Speckle tracking evaluation in endurance athletes: the "optimal" myocardial work.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2020Article
- Myocardial deformation and volume of exercise: a new overlap between pathology and athlete's heart?The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2018Article
- Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Assessment of the Athlete's Heart: Is It Ready for Daily Practice?Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2018Review
- Cardiac structure and function in elite Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Rugby Football League athletes: an exploratory study.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2018Article
- The Female Athlete's Heart: Comparison of Cardiac Changes Induced by Different Types of Exercise Training Using 3D Echocardiography.BioMed research international · 2018Article
- Physiology and Pathophysiology in Ultra-Marathon Running.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- The role of new echocardiographic techniques in athlete's heart.F1000Research · 2015Review
- Myocardial Work Efficiency in Physiologic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy of Power Athletes.Journal of cardiovascular echographyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAthlete's heart is a common definition for a broad spectrum of adaptations induced by intense exercise. We intended to compare left ventricular (LV) mechanics in two sports disciplines with different exercise nature: marathon runners (endurance) and bodybuilders (power).
methods24 marathon or ultramarathon runners (R), 14 bodybuilders (B) and 15 healthy, sedentary male volunteers (N) were investigated. Beyond standard echocardiographic protocol, parasternal short-axis and apical recordings optimized for speckle tracking analysis were acquired (Esaote MyLab 25). Using dedicated software (TomTec 2D Performance Analysis), global longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (GCS) and radial strain (GRS) were calculated by averaging the corresponding 16 LV segments. Data are presented as mean ± SD.
resultsCalculated LV mass was higher in bodybuilders compared to normal controls (R vs. B vs. N: 198 ± 52 vs. 224 ± 69 vs. 186 ± 30 g, p < 0.05). We found no difference regarding conventional systolic function parameters among the groups (ejection fraction: 55 ± 9 vs. 60 ± 6 vs. 59 ± 5%; mitral lateral S' velocity: 10.7 ± 0.6 vs. 10.6 ± 0.4 vs. 11.0 ± 0.8 cm/s). However, speckle tracking analysis showed a different pattern of myocardial deformation in our groups: while GRS was similar, GLS was decreased in runners, GCS was decreased in bodybuilders compared to the other two groups (GLS: -19.4 ± 3.4 vs. -23.3 ± 2.1 vs. -24.1 ± 3.0; GCS: -26.6 ± 3.8 vs. -22.4 ± 4.3 vs. -26.4 ± 2.7%, p < 0.05). Significant correlations were found in runners between GLS and end-diastolic volume (r = 0.46; p < 0.05), and body surface area (r = 0.49; p < 0.05). In bodybuilders, GCS was closely related to LV mass (r = 0.61; p < 0.01) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.42; p < 0.05).
conclusionsWhile conventional morphological and functional echocardiographic parameters failed to distinguish between the athlete's heart of the two different sport disciplines, deformation parameters showed a different pattern of LV mechanics in runners versus bodybuilders.
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Registered trials
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