Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25889777›Full record

ArticleRespiratory research2015

Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and variation in risk factors across four geographically diverse resource-limited settings in Peru.

Devan Jaganath, J Jaime Miranda, Robert H Gilman, Robert A Wise, Gregory B Diette, Catherine H Miele, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, William Checkley, CRONICAS Cohort Study Group

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Respiratory research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. A Brief and Effective Questionnaire for COPD Screening in High-Altitude Areas.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Devan JaganathDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. djagana1@jhmi.edu.
J Jaime MirandaCRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. jaime.miranda@upch.pe.
Robert H GilmanProgram in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA. gilmanbob@gmail.com.
Robert A WiseDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. rwise@jhmi.edu.
Gregory B DietteDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. gdiette@jhmi.edu.
Catherine H MieleDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. chooper5@jhmi.edu.
Antonio Bernabe-OrtizCRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. antonio.bernabe@upch.pe.
William CheckleyDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. wcheckl1@jhmi.edu.
CRONICAS Cohort Study Group
Johns Hopkins University · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia · PE

Funding

Mentoring and Patient Oriented Research in AsthmaK24ES021098 · NIEHS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI DIETTE, GREGORY B · 2012 to 2016
$927k
Acute Lung Injury: Application of Novel Approaches to Longitudinal Data AnalysisR00HL096955 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CHECKLEY, WILLIAM · 2011 to 2013
$723k
Medical Research Council MR/K007467/1NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200900033CNHLBI NIH HHS R00 HL096955NHLBI NIH HHS R00HL096955NIEHS NIH HHS K24 ES021098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is unclear how geographic and social diversity affects the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We sought to characterize the prevalence of COPD and identify risk factors across four settings in Peru with varying degrees of urbanization, altitude, and biomass fuel use.

methodsWe collected sociodemographics, clinical history, and post-bronchodilator spirometry in a randomly selected, age-, sex- and site-stratified, population-based sample of 2,957 adults aged ≥35 years (median age was 54.8 years and 49.3% were men) from four resource-poor settings: Lima, Tumbes, urban and rural Puno. We defined COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 70%.

resultsOverall prevalence of COPD was 6.0% (95% CI 5.1%-6.8%) but with marked variation across sites: 3.6% in semi-urban Tumbes, 6.1% in urban Puno, 6.2% in Lima, and 9.9% in rural Puno (p < 0.001). Population attributable risks (PARs) of COPD due to smoking ≥10 pack-years were less than 10% for all sites, consistent with a low prevalence of daily smoking (3.3%). Rather, we found that PARs of COPD varied by setting. In Lima, for example, the highest PARs were attributed to post-treatment tuberculosis (16% and 22% for men and women, respectively). In rural Puno, daily biomass fuel for cooking among women was associated with COPD (prevalence ratio 2.22, 95% CI 1.02-4.81) and the PAR of COPD due to daily exposure to biomass fuel smoke was 55%.

conclusionsThe burden of COPD in Peru was not uniform and, unlike other settings, was not predominantly explained by tobacco smoking. This study emphasizes the role of biomass fuel use, and highlights pulmonary tuberculosis as an often neglected risk factor in endemic areas.

Indexed as

Residence CharacteristicsAdultAgedAltitudeBiomassFemaleForced Expiratory VolumeFossil FuelsHumansLongitudinal StudiesLungMaleMiddle AgedPeruPredictive Value of TestsPrevalenceFossil Fuels

Identifiers

PMID25889777
PMCPMC4389577
OpenAlexW2142863696

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.