ArticleMalaria journal2015
Pan-Plasmodium band sensitivity for Plasmodium falciparum detection in combination malaria rapid diagnostic tests and implications for clinical management.
Article in Malaria journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Trial
- Are malaria rapid diagnostic test results stable over time to support verification of surveillance data?Malaria journal · 2025Observational
- Analysis of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions, and the structure and variability of PfHRP2 and PfHRP3 proteins: implications for the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Cubal, Angola.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Benefits of Lot Testing to Improve the Quality of Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests in India.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- The Malaria Burden: A South African Perspective.Journal of tropical medicine · 2024Review
- Estimation of parasitaemia in imported falciparum malaria using the results of a combined rapid diagnostic test. No big help from haematological parameters.Malaria journal · 2023Observational
- Histidine-rich protein II nanoparticle delivery of heme iron load drives endothelial inflammation in cerebral malaria.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Urine and Saliva: Relevant Specimens for Malaria Diagnosis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Detecting asymptomatic carriage of Plasmodium falciparum in southern Ghana: utility of molecular and serological diagnostic tools.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- Ten Years of Universal Testing: How the Rapid Diagnostic Test Became a Game Changer for Malaria Case Management and Improved Disease Reporting.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Article
- HRP2 and HRP3 cross-reactivity and implications for HRP2-based RDT use in regions with Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 gene deletions.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Time for a diagnostic sea-change: Rethinking neglected tropical disease diagnostics to achieve elimination.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Impact of Plasmodium falciparum gene deletions on malaria rapid diagnostic test performance.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- A review of the WHO malaria rapid diagnostic test product testing programme (2008-2018): performance, procurement and policy.Malaria journal · 2019Review
- Ultrasensitive and label-free biosensor for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II in saliva.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Development of an Ultrasensitive Impedimetric Immunosensor Platform for Detection ofSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Article
- Diagnostic capacity, and predictive values of rapid diagnostic tests for accurate diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum in febrile children in Asante-Akim, Ghana.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- Utility of pf/pan RDT for diagnosis in the prevention of re-establishment of malaria in Sri Lanka.Pathogens and global health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are appropriate for case management, but persistent antigenaemia is a concern for HRP2-detecting RDTs in endemic areas. It has been suggested that pan-pLDH test bands on combination RDTs could be used to distinguish persistent antigenaemia from active Plasmodium falciparum infection, however this assumes all active infections produce positive results on both bands of RDTs, an assertion that has not been demonstrated.
methodsIn this study, data generated during the WHO-FIND product testing programme for malaria RDTs was reviewed to investigate the reactivity of individual test bands against P. falciparum in 18 combination RDTs. Each product was tested against multiple wild-type P. falciparum only samples. Antigen levels were measured by quantitative ELISA for HRP2, pLDH and aldolase.
resultsWhen tested against P. falciparum samples at 200 parasites/μL, 92% of RDTs were positive; 57% of these on both the P. falciparum and pan bands, while 43% were positive on the P. falciparum band only. There was a relationship between antigen concentration and band positivity; ≥4 ng/mL of HRP2 produced positive results in more than 95% of P. falciparum bands, while ≥45 ng/mL of pLDH was required for at least 90% of pan bands to be positive.
conclusionsIn active P. falciparum infections it is common for combination RDTs to return a positive HRP2 band combined with a negative pan-pLDH band, and when both bands are positive, often the pan band is faint. Thus active infections could be missed if the presence of a HRP2 band in the absence of a pan band is interpreted as being caused solely by persistent antigenaemia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.