ReviewCurrent opinion in structural biology2015
Architecture of the botulinum neurotoxin complex: a molecular machine for protection and delivery.
Review in Current opinion in structural biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Botulinum Toxin Effects and Its Association with Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The unsung hero:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Computational Modelling Suggests Bacteriostatic Saline Does Not Reverse Botulinum Toxin-Induced Brow Ptosis.Toxins · 2025Article
- A nut-and-bolt assembly of the bimodular large progenitor botulinum neurotoxin complex.Science advances · 2025Article
- Botulinum neurotoxins exploit host digestive proteases to boost their oral toxicity via activating OrfXs/P47.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- From Toxin to Treatment: A Narrative Review on the Use of Botulinum Toxin for Autonomic Dysfunction.Toxins · 2024Review
- NTNH protein: more than a bodyguard for botulinum neurotoxins.The FEBS journal · 2024Article
- Structural basis for botulinum neurotoxin E recognition of synaptic vesicle protein 2.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Characterization of Serotype CD Mosaic Botulinum Neurotoxin in Comparison with Serotype C and A.Toxins · 2023Article
- Crystal structures of OrfX1, OrfX2 and the OrfX1-OrfX3 complex from the orfX gene cluster of botulinum neurotoxin E1.FEBS letters · 2023Article
- Article
- Botulinum Toxin: From Poison to Possible Treatment for Spasticity in Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Structural flexibility of the tetanus neurotoxin revealed by crystallographic and solution scattering analyses.Journal of structural biology: X · 2021Article
- Botulinum Neurotoxins: Mechanism of Action.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2021Review
- Comparative Pharmacodynamics Study of 3 Different Botulinum Toxin Type A Preparations in Mice.Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] · 2020Article
- Critical Analysis of Neuronal Cell and the Mouse Bioassay for Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins.Toxins · 2019Review
- Review
- The role of the single interchains disulfide bond in tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins and the development of antitetanus and antibotulism drugs.Cellular microbiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are extremely poisonous protein toxins that cause the fatal paralytic disease botulism. They are naturally produced in bacteria with several nontoxic neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs) and together they form a progenitor toxin complex (PTC), the largest bacterial toxin complex known. In foodborne botulism, the PTC functions as a molecular machine that helps BoNT breach the host defense in the gut. Here, we discuss the substantial recent advance in elucidating the atomic structures and assembly of the 14-subunit PTC, including structures of BoNT and four NAPs. These structural studies shed light on the molecular mechanisms by which BoNT is protected against the acidic environment and proteolytic destruction in the gastrointestinal tract, and how it is delivered across the intestinal epithelial barrier.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.