ArticleDaru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences2015
Cost analysis of pharmaceutical care provided to HIV-infected patients: an ambispective controlled study.
Article in Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- The economic impact of pharmacist care for people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2021Review
- Remote pharmaceutical care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2021Observational
- Impact of physician-pharmacist collaborative protocol-based pharmacotherapy management for HIV outpatients: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2020Article
- Clinical and Economic Effects of a Pharmacist-Administered Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Clinic for Patients Living with HIV.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2018Article
- HIV pharmaceutical care in primary healthcare: Improvement in CD4 count and reduction in drug-related problems.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2017Article
- Self-perception of knowledge and adherence reflecting the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy.Patient preference and adherence · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies have shown that pharmaceutical care can result in favorable clinical outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, however, few studies have assessed the economic impact. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of pharmaceutical care of HIV-infected patients.
methodsA controlled ambispective study was conducted in Brazil from January 2009 to June 2012. Patients were allocated to either intervention or control group. The control group was followed according to standard care while the intervention group was also followed by a pharmacist at each physician appointment for one year. Effectiveness outcomes included CD4+ count, viral load, absence of co-infections and optimal immune response, and economic outcomes included expenses of physician and pharmaceutical appointments, laboratory tests, procedures, and hospitalizations, at six months and one year.
resultsIntervention and control groups included 51 patients each. We observed significant decreases in total pharmacotherapy problems during the study. At six months, the intervention group contained higher percentages of patients without co-infections and of patients with CD4+ >500 cells/mm(3). None of the differences between intervention and control group considering clinical outcomes and costs were statistically significant. However, at one year, the intervention group showed higher percentage of better clinical outcomes and generated lower spending (not to procedures). An additional health care system daily investment of US$1.45, 1.09, 2.13, 4.35, 1.09, and 0.87 would be required for each additional outcome of viral load <50 copies/ml, absence of co-infection, CD4+ >200, 350, and 500 cells/mm(3), and optimal immune response, respectively.
conclusionThis work demonstrated that pharmaceutical care of HIV-infected patients, for a one-year period, was able to decrease the number of pharmacotherapy problems. However, the clinical outcomes and the costs did not have statistical difference but showed higher percentage of better clinical outcomes and lower costs for some items.
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