ArticleBMC research notes2015
Evaluation of non-response bias in a cohort study of World Trade Center terrorist attack survivors.
Article in BMC research notes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Work Disability, Early Retirement, and Loss of a Loved One in the World Trade Center Health Registry Cohort.American journal of industrial medicine · 2026Article
- Deep disadvantage in mortality on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Exposure to the World Trade Center Disaster, Health, and Health-Related Quality of Life Nearly 20 Years After 9/11.American journal of industrial medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding deep disadvantage at the end of life: A nationwide analysis of unclaimed deaths.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Association of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Opioid Pain Medication Overuse among Persons Exposed to the 9/11 World Trade Center Disaster.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Comparison of prevalence and exposure-disease associations using self-report and hospitalization data among enrollees of the world trade center health registry.BMC medical research methodology · 2021Article
- Post-9/11 Mental Health Comorbidity Predicts Self-Reported Confusion or Memory Loss in World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Injury Severity and Psychological Distress Sustained in the Aftermath of the Attacks of 11 September 2001 Predict Somatic Symptoms in World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees Sixteen Years Later.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Systemic Autoimmune Disease Among Adults Exposed to the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2020Article
- Non-participation and attrition in a longitudinal study of civilians exposed to the January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris, France.BMC medical research methodology · 2020Article
- Association Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Mortality Among Responders and Civilians Following the September 11, 2001, Disaster.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Comparing life satisfaction and functioning 15 years after September 11, 2001 among survivors with and without injuries: a mixed-method study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- An Assessment of Long-Term Physical and Emotional Quality of Life of Persons Injured on 9/11/2001.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Pulmonary Fibrosis among World Trade Center Responders: Results from the WTC Health Registry Cohort.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Characterizing Mental Health Treatment Utilization among Individuals Exposed to the 2001 World Trade Center Terrorist Attacks 14⁻15 Years Post-Disaster.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- PTSD and comorbid depression: Social support and self-efficacy in World Trade Center tower survivors 14-15 years after 9/11.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2019Article
- Conducting a study to assess the long-term impacts of injury after 9/11: participation, recall, and description.Injury epidemiology · 2019Article
- Prevalence of and factors associated with mammography and prostate-specific antigen screening among World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees, 2015-2016.Preventive medicine reports · 2018Article
- Asthma among World Trade Center First Responders: A Qualitative Synthesis and Bias Assessment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Review
- Comorbidity amplifies the effects of post-9/11 posttraumatic stress disorder trajectories on health-related quality of life.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew longitudinal studies of disaster cohorts have assessed both non-response bias in prevalence estimates of health outcomes and in the estimates of associations between health outcomes and disaster exposures. We examined the factors associated with non-response and the possible non-response bias in prevalence estimates and association estimates in a longitudinal study of World Trade Center (WTC) terrorist attack survivors.
methodsIn 2003-04, 71,434 enrollees completed the WTC Health Registry wave 1 health survey. This study is limited to 67,670 adults who were eligible for both wave 2 and wave 3 surveys in 2006-07 and 2011-12. We first compared the characteristics between wave 3 participants (wave 3 drop-ins and three-wave participants) and non-participants (wave 3 drop-outs and wave 1 only participants). We then examined potential non-response bias in prevalence estimates and in exposure-outcome association estimates by comparing one-time non-participants (wave 3 drop-ins and drop-outs) at the two follow-up surveys with three-wave participants.
resultsCompared to wave 3 participants, non-participants were younger, more likely to be male, non-White, non-self enrolled, non-rescue or recovery worker, have lower household income, and less than post-graduate education. Enrollees' wave 1 health status had little association with their wave 3 participation. None of the disaster exposure measures measured at wave 1 was associated with wave 3 non-participation. Wave 3 drop-outs and drop-ins (those who participated in only one of the two follow-up surveys) reported somewhat poorer health outcomes than the three-wave participants. For example, compared to three-wave participants, wave 3 drop-outs had a 1.4 times higher odds of reporting poor or fair health at wave 2 (95% CI 1.3-1.4). However, the associations between disaster exposures and health outcomes were not different significantly among wave 3 drop-outs/drop-ins as compared to three-wave participants.
conclusionOur results show that, despite a downward bias in prevalence estimates of health outcomes, attrition from the WTC Health Registry follow-up studies does not lead to serious bias in associations between 9/11 disaster exposures and key health outcomes. These findings provide insight into the impact of non-response on associations between disaster exposures and health outcomes reported in longitudinal studies.
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