ArticleAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology2015
A refined risk stratification scheme for clinical stage 1 NSGCT based on evaluation of both embryonal predominance and lymphovascular invasion.
Article in Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- SEOM-GG clinical guidelines for the management of germ-cell testicular cancer (2023).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Guideline
- Testicular germ cell tumours' clinical stage I: comparison of surveillance with adjuvant treatment strategies regarding recurrence rates and overall survival-a systematic review.World journal of urology · 2022Pooled it
- Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BJU international · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of lymphovascular invasion in bladder cancer transurethral resection specimens.BJU international · 2019Pooled it
- A Retrospective Analysis of Testicular Cancer (2007-2025): A Single Institutional Experience.Research and reports in urology · 2026Article
- Excellent survival in relapsed stage I testicular cancer.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Testicular Germ-Cell Tumors with Spermatic Cord Involvement: A Retrospective International Multi-Institutional Experience.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2022Article
- Pathological predictors of metastatic disease in testicular non-seminomatous germ cell tumors: which tumor-node-metastasis staging system?Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2021Article
- Liquid Biopsies in the Clinical Management of Germ Cell Tumor Patients: State-of-the-Art and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Improving outcomes in germ cell cancers using miRNA.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2021Review
- Prediction of relapse in stage I testicular germ cell tumor patients on surveillance: investigation of biomarkers.BMC cancer · 2020Article
- Current management and management controversies in early- and intermediate-stage of nonseminoma germ cell tumors.Translational andrology and urology · 2020Review
- Prognostic factors and outcomes of nonseminomatous germ cell tumours of testis-experience from a tertiary cancer centre in India.Ecancermedicalscience · 2020Article
- Testicular cancer.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2018Review
- Adjuvant Therapy for Stage IB Germ Cell Tumors: One versus Two Cycles of BEP.Advances in urology · 2018Review
- The present and future of serum diagnostic tests for testicular germ cell tumours.Nature reviews. Urology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundActive surveillance is an increasingly accepted approach for managing patients with germ-cell tumors (GCTs) after an orchiectomy. Here we investigate a time-to-relapse stratification scheme for clinical stage 1 (CS1) nonseminoma GCT (NSGCT) patients according to factors associated with relapse and identify a group of patients with a lower frequency and longer time-to-relapse who may require an alternative surveillance strategy. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe analyzed 266 CS1 GCT patients from the IRB-approved DFCI GCT database that exclusively underwent surveillance following orchiectomy from 1997 to 2013. We stratified NSGCT patients according to predominance of embryonal carcinoma (EmbP) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI), using a 0, 1, and 2 scoring system. Cox regression and conditional risk analysis were used to compare each NSGCT group to patients in the seminomatous germ-cell tumor (SGCT) category. Median time-to-relapse values were then calculated among those patients who underwent relapse. Relapse-free survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
resultsFifty (37%) NSGCT and 20 (15%) SGCT patients relapsed. The median time-to-relapse was 11.5 versus 6.3 months for the SGCT and NSGCT groups, respectively. For NSGCT patients, relapse rates were higher and median time-to-relapse faster with increasing number of risk factors (RFs). Relapse rates (%) and median time-to-relapse (months) were 25%/8.5 months, 41%/6.8 months and 78%/3.8 months for RF0, RF1 and RF2, respectively. We found a statistically significant difference between SGCT and patients with one or two RFs (P < 0.001) but not between SGCT and NSGCT RF0 (P = 0.108).
conclusionNSGCT patients grouped by a risk score system based on EmbP and LVI yielded three groups with distinct relapse patterns -and patients with neither EmbP nor LVI appear to behave similar to SGCT.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.