Observational studyCritical care (London, England)2015
Functional outcomes in ICU – what should we be using? – an observational study.
Observational study in Critical care (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Functional Electrical Stimulation Assisted Cycling (eStimCycle):A Novel Intervention to Improve Outcomes in the Critically Ill
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in the Critically Ill
Physical Function in Critical Care (PaciFIC): An Multi-centre Observational Study
Weaning Algorithm for Mechanical VEntilation (WAVE Study): A Randomised Control Trial Comparing an Open-loop Decision Support System Versus Routine Care for Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation in the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Core Set of Outcome Measures to Assess Physical Function for Adults Participating in Physical Therapist Treatment in the Hospital: A Clinical Practice Guideline.Physical therapy · 2025Guideline
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinimetric properties of the core outcome measurement instruments for clinical effectiveness trials of nutritional and metabolic interventions in critical illness (CONCISE).Critical care (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Frailty as an Emerging Concern in Post-Extubated Patients: Are We Missing a Critical Window for Recovery?Nursing in critical care · 2026Article
- Prognostic profiles for discharge destination identified during intensive care unit admission: a decision tree analysis.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- The Short Physical Performance Battery is a valid tool in survivors of critical illness: international clinimetric secondary analysis.Disability and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Physical function of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring invasive mechanical ventilation: an observational study.Singapore medical journal · 2026Article
- Trajectories of Recovery after ACutE and cRitical illness (TRACER): a prospective observational study protocol.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Acute skeletal muscle wasting in patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy: A prospective multicenter study.Journal of critical care · 2025Observational
- Effect of a generalized early mobilization and rehabilitation protocol on outcomes in trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective pre-post study.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Impact of Early Rehabilitation Initiation on Walking Recovery in Critically Ill Patients.Cureus · 2025Article
- Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Perme ICU Mobility Score: An Initial Psychometric Evaluation.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Evidence of the use of the Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score in hospitalized adults: a scoping review.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Analysis of the Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit and its correlation with measures of muscle strength in critically ill patients during hospitalization in the intensive care unit.Critical care science · 2025Article
- Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: Physical Impairments and Function.Critical care clinics · 2025Review
- Early In-Bed Cycle Ergometry With Critically Ill, Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Statistical Analysis Plan for CYCLE (Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength), an International, Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- The Experience of Physical Recovery and Physical Rehabilitation Following Hospital Discharge for Intensive Care Survivors-A Qualitative Systematic Review.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2024Review
- Impact of age on mortality and transfer to long-term care in patients in an intensive care unit.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Relationship of Age And Mobility Levels During Physical Rehabilitation With Clinical Outcomes in Critical Illness.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2023Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWith growing awareness of the importance of rehabilitation, new measures are being developed specifically for use in the intensive care unit (ICU). There are currently 26 measures reported to assess function in ICU survivors. The Physical Function in Intensive care Test scored (PFIT-s) has established clinimetric properties. It is unknown how other functional measures perform in comparison to the PFIT-s or which functional measure may be the most clinically applicable for use within the ICU. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the criterion validity of the Functional Status Score for the ICU (FSS-ICU), ICU Mobility Scale (IMS) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) against the PFIT-s; (2) the construct validity of these tests against muscle strength; (3) predictive utility of these tests to predict discharge to home; and (4) the clinical applicability. This was a nested study within an ongoing controlled study and an observational study.
methodsSixty-six individuals were assessed at awakening and ICU discharge. Measures included: PFIT-s, FSS-ICU, IMS and SPPB. Bivariate relationships (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient) and predictive validity (logistic regression) were determined. Responsiveness (effect sizes); floor and ceiling effects; and minimal important differences were calculated.
resultsMean ± SD PFIT-s at awakening was 4.7 ± 2.3 out of 10. On awakening a large positive relationship existed between PFIT-s and the other functional measures: FSS-ICU (rho = 0.87, p < 0.005), IMS (rho = 0.81, p < 0.005) and SPPB (rho = 0.70, p < 0.005). The PFIT-s had excellent construct validity (rho = 0.8, p < 0.005) and FSS-ICU (rho = 0.69, p < 0.005) and IMS (rho = 0.57, p < 0.005) had moderate construct validity with muscle strength. The PFIT-s and FSS-ICU had small floor/ceiling effects <11% at awakening and ICU discharge. The SPPB had a large floor effect at awakening (78%) and ICU discharge (56%). All tests demonstrated responsiveness; however highest effect size was seen in the PFIT-s (Cohen's d = 0.71).
conclusionsThere is high criterion validity for other functional measures against the PFIT-s. The PFIT-s and FSS-ICU are promising functional measures and are recommended to measure function within the ICU.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT02214823. Registered 7 August 2014).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.