Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25888387›Full record

ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2015

Distinguishing age-related from disease-related glomerulosclerosis on kidney biopsy: the Aging Kidney Anatomy study.

Walter K Kremers, Aleksandar Denic, John C Lieske, Mariam P Alexander, Vidhu Kaushik, Hisham E Elsherbiny, Harini A Chakkera, Emilio D Poggio, Andrew D Rule

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. The use of SGLT2 inhibitors in older people: What is important?Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025
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  11. The boundaries of normal kidney tissue for biomedical research.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Kidney Biopsy Findings After Lung Transplantation.Kidney international reports · 2024
    Article
  14. SGLT2 inhibition to target kidney aging.Clinical kidney journal · 2024
    Review
  15. Association of Implantation Biopsy Findings in Living Donor Kidneys With Donor and Recipient Outcomes.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2024
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Cellular senescence and kidney aging.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2023
    Review
  19. Deceased donor kidneys from higher distressed communities are significantly less likely to be utilized for transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023
    Article
  20. Associations Between Change in Kidney Functioning, Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Health Indicators in the Health and Retirement Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023
    Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Walter K KremersDepartment of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA William J. von Liebig Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Aleksandar DenicDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
John C LieskeDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Mariam P AlexanderDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Vidhu KaushikDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Hisham E ElsherbinyDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Harini A ChakkeraDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
Emilio D PoggioDepartment of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Andrew D RuleDepartment of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Mayo Clinic · USMayo Clinic in Arizona · USMayo Clinic in Florida · USCleveland Clinic · US

Funding

The macro- and micro- anatomy and pathology of the aging kidneyR01DK090358 · NIDDK · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI ANDREW David RULE · 2011 to 2026
$9.9M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK 090358NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK090358
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlobal glomerulosclerosis is characteristic of chronic kidney disease and also occurs with normal aging. Our goal was to determine the upper limit of normal for number of globally sclerotic glomeruli.

methodsCore-needle biopsies of the renal cortex were obtained at the time of living kidney transplantation at three centers between 1998 and 2011. The number of globally sclerotic glomeruli was averaged across two biopsy sections. Quantile regression was used to estimate the 95th percentile for globally sclerotic glomeruli as the upper reference limit. There were 2052 donors (mean age 43 years, 41% male, 10% hypertensive), with a mean (SD) of 16.0 (9.7) glomeruli and 0.47 (0.99) globally sclerotic glomeruli on biopsy; only 2.6% had >5% fibrosis.

resultsIn a multivariable model excluding hypertensive donors, independent predictors of the number of globally sclerotic glomeruli were age, total number of glomeruli and cortex area. A simplified model was used to estimate the 95th percentile for number of globally sclerotic glomeruli by total number of glomeruli and age. For a biopsy section with 17-32 total glomeruli, the 95th percentile ranged from 1 for a 20-year old to 5.5 for a 70-year old donor. Hypertensive donors were more likely to have an abnormal number of globally sclerotic glomeruli (OR = 1.79, P = 0.035).

conclusionsWe have derived the 95% reference limit for number of globally sclerotic glomeruli in ostensibly healthy individuals accounting for age and the biopsy characteristics. Numbers of globally sclerotic glomeruli in a kidney biopsy that exceed these thresholds suggest chronic pathological injury in excess of that expected with normal aging.

Indexed as

AgingAdolescentAdultAgedBiopsy, Large-Core NeedleCase-Control StudiesFemaleFibrosisGlomerulosclerosis, Focal SegmentalHumansKidney GlomerulusKidney TransplantationMaleMiddle AgedSclerosisYoung Adultagefibrosisglomerulosclerosiskidney biopsykidney transplantation

Identifiers

PMID25888387
PMCPMC4783459
OpenAlexW2087783468

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.