Trial reportCritical care (London, England)2015
Effect of oral melatonin and wearing earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep in healthy subjects in a simulated intensive care unit environment: which might be a more promising strategy for ICU sleep deprivation?
Trial report in Critical care (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reducing Delirium in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit Through the Use of Eye Masks and Earplugs
Melatonin Use in the Intensive Care Elderly Population
Effect of Massage Therapy on Fatigue and Sleep Quality in Patients With Heart Failure in Intensive Care Unit
Study on the Use of Broadband Sound to Mitigate Sleep Disruption Due to Aircraft Noise
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Eye Masks and Earplugs Interventions for Sleep Promotion in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Prophylactic use of exogenous melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists to improve sleep and delirium in the intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2019Pooled it
- Actigraphy to Evaluate Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit. A Systematic Review.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2018Pooled it
- Melatonin for the promotion of sleep in adults in the intensive care unit.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion Improved Postoperative Sleep Quality and Melatonin Secretion in Patients Undergoing Elective Thoracoscopic Lung Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Trial
- Melatonin and Sleep in Preventing Hospitalized Delirium: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The American journal of medicine · 2018Trial
- Noise in the Intensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review of Its Characteristics, Clinical Impact, and Reduction Strategies.Critical care research and practice · 2026Review
- Effects of a multicomponent sleep enhancement protocol on delirium incidence in elderly critically ill surgical patients: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of intensive care · 2025Article
- Article
- Based -evidence, an intervention study to improve sleep quality in awake adult ICU patients: a prospective, single-blind, clustered controlled trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- Sleep, light exposure at night, and psychological wellbeing during pregnancy.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Melatonin Versus Trazodone for the Treatment of New Onset Insomnia in Hospitalized Adult Patients.Hospital pharmacy · 2023Article
- Efforts to improve sleep quality in a medical intensive care unit: effect of a protocol of non-pharmacological interventions.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2022Article
- Effect of ambient noise on indoor environments in a health care facility in Oman.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- The effect of melatonin on prevention of postoperative delirium after lower limb fracture surgery in elderly patients: a randomized double blind clinical trial.International journal of burns and trauma · 2022Article
- Study protocol for a two-center test of a nurse-implemented chronotherapeutic restoring bundle in critically ill children: RESTORE Resilience (RContemporary clinical trials communications · 2021Article
- The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Key Emphasis on Melatonin Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances in intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired delirium: a case-control study.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- The effect of melatonin on quality of sleep in patients with sleep disturbance admitted to post coronary care units: A randomized controlled trial.BioMedicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSleep deprivation is common in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Noise and light in the ICU and the reduction in plasma melatonin play the essential roles. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of simulated ICU noise and light on nocturnal sleep quality, and compare the effectiveness of melatonin and earplugs and eye masks on sleep quality in these conditions in healthy subjects.
methodsThis study was conducted in two parts. In part one, 40 healthy subjects slept under baseline night and simulated ICU noise and light (NL) by a cross-over design. In part two, 40 subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: NL, NL plus placebo (NLP), NL plus use of earplugs and eye masks (NLEE) and NL plus melatonin (NLM). 1 mg of oral melatonin or placebo was administered at 21:00 on four consecutive days in NLM and NLP. Earplugs and eye masks were made available in NLEE. The objective sleep quality was measured by polysomnography. Serum was analyzed for melatonin levels. Subjects rated their perceived sleep quality and anxiety levels.
resultsSubjects had shorter total sleep time (TST) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, longer sleep onset latency, more light sleep and awakening, poorer subjective sleep quality, higher anxiety level and lower serum melatonin level in NL night (P <0.05). NLEE had less awakenings and shorter sleep onset latency (P <0.05). NLM had longer TST and REM and shorter sleep onset latency (P <0.05). Compared with NLEE, NLM had fewer awakenings (P = 0.004). Both NLM and NLEE improved perceived sleep quality and anxiety level (P = 0.000), and NLM showed better than NLEE in perceived sleep quality (P = 0.01). Compared to baseline night, the serum melatonin levels were lower in NL night at every time point, and the average maximal serum melatonin concentration in NLM group was significantly greater than other groups (P <0.001).
conclusionsCompared with earplugs and eye masks, melatonin improves sleep quality and serum melatonin levels better in healthy subjects exposed to simulated ICU noise and light.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IPR-14005458 . Registered 10 November 2014.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.