Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25887060›Full record

Trial reportBMC neuroscience2015

Mental imagery-induced attention modulates pain perception and cortical excitability.

Magdalena Sarah Volz, Vanessa Suarez-Contreras, Andrea L Santos Portilla, Felipe Fregni

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07230015 (The Effectiveness of Combination of Motor Imagery and Vestibular Rehabilitation on Balance, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07230015 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

The Effectiveness of Combination of Motor Imagery and Vestibular Rehabilitation on Balance, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

TypeinterventionalSponsorMedipol UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled30ConditionsMultiple Sclerosis (MS) - Relapsing-remittingArmsMotor Imagery + Vestibular Rehabilitation group, Conventional therapy group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Magdalena Sarah VolzLaboratory of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 125 Nashua Street #727, Boston, 02114, MA, USA. mvolz@neuromodulationlab.org.
Vanessa Suarez-ContrerasLaboratory of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 125 Nashua Street #727, Boston, 02114, MA, USA. vsuarez@neuromodulationlab.org.
Andrea L Santos PortillaLaboratory of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 125 Nashua Street #727, Boston, 02114, MA, USA. asantos@neuromodulationlab.org.
Felipe FregniLaboratory of Neuromodulation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 125 Nashua Street #727, Boston, 02114, MA, USA. fregni.felipe@mgh.harvard.edu.
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DEHarvard University · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USSpaulding Rehabilitation Hospital · US

Funding

Investigation and treatment of central nervous system dysfunction in chronic pelvR21DK081773 · NIDDK · SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL · PI FREGNI, FELIPE · 2009 to 2010
$475k
NIDDK NIH HHS 1R21DK81773-1A1NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK081773
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMental imagery is a powerful method of altering brain activity and behavioral outcomes, such as performance of cognition and motor skills. Further, attention and distraction can modulate pain-related neuronal networks and the perception of pain. This exploratory study examined the effects of mental imagery-induced attention on pressure pain threshold and cortical plasticity using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). This blinded, randomized, and parallel-design trial comprised 30 healthy right-handed male subjects. Exploratory statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and t-tests for pain and TMS assessments. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the association between changes in pain threshold and cortical excitability.

resultsIn the analysis of pain outcomes, there was no significant interaction effect on pain between group versus time. In an exploratory analysis, we only observed a significant effect of group for the targeted left hand (ANOVA with pain threshold as the dependent variable and time and group as independent variables). Although there was only a within-group effect of mental imagery on pain, further analyses showed a significant positive correlation of changes in pain threshold and cortical excitability (motor-evoked potentials via TMS).

conclusionsMental imagery has a minor effect on pain modulation in healthy subjects. Its effects appear to differ compared with chronic pain, leading to a small decrease in pain threshold. Assessments of cortical excitability confirmed that these effects are related to the modulation of pain-related cortical circuits. These exploratory findings suggest that neuronal plasticity is influenced by pain and that the mental imagery effects on pain depend on the state of central sensitization.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAnalysis of VarianceAttentionCerebral CortexEvoked Potentials, MotorFunctional LateralityHandHumansImaginationMaleMiddle AgedPain PerceptionPain ThresholdSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation

Identifiers

PMID25887060
PMCPMC4387598
OpenAlexW2111673232

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.