ReviewCritical care (London, England)2015
Metabolic and nutritional support of critically ill patients: consensus and controversies.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03724045 (Back Side of the Moon Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 140 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Back Side of the Moon Study: What is the Efficiency of Nutritional Therapy (Calories and Nitrogen) in ICU and on the Ward and What is the Metabolic Profile of Patients After ICU? Could Supplemental Nutrition Fill the Gap?
Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Total enteral vs. parenteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis: an updated systematic review and GRADE-assessed meta-analysis.BMC nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic value of the prognostic nutritional index in sepsis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Stress ulcer prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors or histamine 2 receptor antagonists in critically ill adults - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2019Pooled it
- Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without supplemental parenteral nutrition in critically ill adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- NUTRIC score use around the world: a systematic review.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva · 2019Pooled it
- Enteral versus parenteral nutrition and enteral versus a combination of enteral and parenteral nutrition for adults in the intensive care unit.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Prescribed hypocaloric nutrition support for critically-ill adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Lower versus higher dose of enteral caloric intake in adult critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2016Pooled it
- Enteral versus parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Critical care (London, England) · 2016Pooled it
- The role of probiotics in nutritional intake and clinical outcomes of critically Ill children with severe sepsis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Predictive Energy Equations Inaccurately Estimate Metabolic Demands of Older Adult Trauma Patients.The Journal of surgical research · 2024Trial
- Refeeding syndrome is associated with increased mortality in malnourished medical inpatients: Secondary analysis of a randomized trial.Medicine · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Exploration of muscle loss and metabolic state during prolonged critical illness: Implications for intervention?PloS one · 2019Trial
- A randomized trial of supplemental parenteral nutrition in underweight and overweight critically ill patients: the TOP-UP pilot trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2017Trial
- Albumin-based nutritional-inflammatory indices and prognosis in critically ill patients with acute myocardial infarction: a MIMIC-IV cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Sarcopenia and Frailty in COPD: Mechanisms, Relationship with Malnutrition and Potential Therapeutic Interventions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Beyond Early Initiation: Predictors of Successful Early Enteral Nutrition Advancement in Critically Ill Patients.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Amino Acids as Metabokines in Hypercatabolic States: Rethinking Nutritional Protein-Based Strategies Beyond Caloric Support.Nutrients · 2026Review
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The results of recent large-scale clinical trials have led us to review our understanding of the metabolic response to stress and the most appropriate means of managing nutrition in critically ill patients. This review presents an update in this field, identifying and discussing a number of areas for which consensus has been reached and others where controversy remains and presenting areas for future research. We discuss optimal calorie and protein intake, the incidence and management of re-feeding syndrome, the role of gastric residual volume monitoring, the place of supplemental parenteral nutrition when enteral feeding is deemed insufficient, the role of indirect calorimetry, and potential indications for several pharmaconutrients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.