ArticleBMC cancer2015
Cancers of unknown primary origin (CUP) are characterized by chromosomal instability (CIN) compared to metastasis of know origin.
Article in BMC cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- SEOM clinical guideline on unknown primary cancer (2017).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2018Guideline
- Analysis of cancer stem cell mechanism and immune profiling in breast cancer of unknown primary.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Cancer of Unknown Primary: A Case Report on the Recognition of Its Clinical Entity and Standard of Care Management.Cureus · 2025Article
- Advancements in Diagnostics and Therapeutics for Cancer of Unknown Primary in the Era of Precision Medicine.MedComm · 2025Review
- Exploring the molecular landscape of cancer of unknown primary: A comparative analysis with other metastatic cancers.Molecular oncology · 2024Article
- Management and prognosis of patients with cancer of unknown primary: 20 years of experience.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact of [18F]FET PET in childhood CNS tumors.Neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Clinical implications of intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer for sentinel node status.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Applications of Topological Data Analysis in Oncology.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2021Review
- Carcinoma of unknown primary with hepatic metastases: a need of judicious and contemplative diagnostic algorithm.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2021Review
- Brain Metastasis from Unknown Primary Tumour: Moving from Old Retrospective Studies to Clinical Trials on Targeted Agents.Cancers · 2020Review
- Progress in refining the clinical management of cancer of unknown primary in the molecular era.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2020Review
- Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma to the Cervical Lymph Nodes From an Unknown Primary Cancer: Management in the HPV Era.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Carcinoma of unknown primary abuts left clavicle: Case report and review of the literature.International journal of surgery case reports · 2020Article
- Familial cancer of unknown primary.International journal of clinical oncology · 2019Article
- Molecular characterisation and liquid biomarkers in Carcinoma of Unknown Primary (CUP): taking the 'U' out of 'CUP'.British journal of cancer · 2019Review
- Does Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) Truly Exist as a Distinct Cancer Entity?Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
- The emerging links between chromosomal instability (CIN), metastasis, inflammation and tumour immunity.Molecular cytogenetics · 2019Review
- High frequency of pathogenic germline variants within homologous recombination repair in patients with advanced cancer.NPJ genomic medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCancers of unknown primary (CUPs) constitute ~5% of all cancers. The tumors have an aggressive biological and clinical behavior. The aim of the present study has been to uncover whether CUPs exhibit distinct molecular features compared to metastases of known origin.
methodsEmploying genome wide transcriptome analysis, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA), we defined the putative origins of a large series of CUP and how closely related a particular CUP was to corresponding metastases of known origin. LDA predictions were subsequently used to define a universal CUP core set of differentially expressed genes, that by means of gene set enrichment analysis was exploited to depict molecular pathways characterizing CUP.
resultsThe analyses show that CUPs are distinct from metastases of known origin. CUPs exhibit inconsistent expression of conventional cancer biomarkers and QDA derived outlier scores show that CUPs are more distantly related to their primary tumor class than corresponding metastases of known origin. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that CUPs display increased expression of genes involved in DNA damage repair and mRNA signatures of chromosome instability (CIN), indicating that CUPs are chromosome unstable compared to metastases of known origin.
conclusionsCIN may account for the uncommon clinical presentation, chemoresistance and poor outcome in patients with CUP and warrant selective diagnostic strategies and treatment.
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