ArticleBMC nephrology2015
Apolipoprotein L1, income and early kidney damage.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Alterations in DNA Methylation, Proteomic, and Metabolomic Profiles in African Ancestry Populations with APOL1 Risk Alleles.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Article
- Novel Therapies inKidney international reports · 2023Review
- Association between socioeconomic position and cystatin C in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Genetics and ESKD Disparities in African Americans.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2019Review
- APOL1 Genetic Testing in Living Kidney Transplant Donors.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2019Review
- Article
- Social Determinants of CKD Hotspots.Seminars in nephrology · 2019Review
- Genetics, Genomics, and Precision Medicine in End-Stage Kidney Disease.Seminars in nephrology · 2018Review
- Clinical Genetic Testing for APOL1: Are we There Yet?Seminars in nephrology · 2017Review
- Neighborhood perceptions and hypertension among low-income black women: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe degree to which genetic or environmental factors are associated with early kidney damage among African Americans (AAs) is unknown.
methodsAmong 462 AAs in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study, we examined the cross-sectional association between apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) risk variants and income with: 1) mildly reduced eGFR (<75 mL/min/1.73 m(2), creatinine-cystatin C equation) and 2) elevated urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (≥17 in men and ≥25 mg/g in women). High risk APOL1 status was defined by 2 copies of high-risk variants; low risk if 0 or 1 copy. Income groups were dichotomized as < $14,000/year (lowest income group) or ≥ $14,000/year. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, and % European ancestry.
resultsOverall, participants' mean age was 47 years and 16% (n = 73) had high risk APOL1 status. Mean eGFR was 99 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Mildly reduced eGFR was prevalent among 11% (n = 51). The lowest income group had higher adjusted odds (aOR) of mildly reduced eGFR than the higher income group (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.7). High-risk APOL1 was not significantly associated with reduced eGFR (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 0.9-2.5). Among 301 participants with ACR data, 7% (n = 21) had elevated ACR. Compared to low-risk, persons with high-risk APOL1 had higher odds of elevated ACR (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 2.0-7.3). Income was not significantly associated with elevated ACR (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.7-4.5). There were no significant interactions between APOL1 and income.
conclusionsBoth genetic and socioeconomic factors may be important determinants of early kidney damage among AAs.
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