ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2015
A Murine Viral Outgrowth Assay to Detect Residual HIV Type 1 in Patients With Undetectable Viral Loads.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tools to Quantify and Characterize the Persistent Reservoir in People with HIV-1: Focus on Non-B Subtypes.Viruses · 2026Review
- Rapid acquisition of HIV-1 neutralization breadth in a rhesus V2 apex germline antibody mouse model after a single bolus immunization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Current methods for detecting and assessing HIV-1 antibody resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Application of ultrasensitive digital ELISA for p24 enables improved evaluation of HIV-1 reservoir diversity and growth kinetics in viral outgrowth assays.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- HIV Reservoir: How to Measure It?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- In-depth virological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 cure after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Nature medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Viral and Host Biomarkers of HIV Remission Post Treatment Interruption.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Review
- Recovery of Latent HIV-1 from Brain Tissue by Adoptive Cell Transfer in Virally Suppressed Humanized Mice.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Article
- Review
- A participant-derived xenograft model of HIV enables long-term evaluation of autologous immunotherapies.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Article
- Modulating HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein conformation to decrease the HIV-1 reservoir.Cell host & microbe · 2021Article
- The Interplay of HIV-1 and Macrophages in Viral Persistence.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- TZM-gfp cells: a tractable fluorescent tool for analysis of rare and early HIV-1 infection.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Review
- Recommendations for measuring HIV reservoir size in cure-directed clinical trials.Nature medicine · 2020Review
- Amplification of Replication Competent HIV-1 by Adoptive Transfer of Human Cells From Infected Humanized Mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Measuring the Inducible, Replication-Competent HIV Reservoir Using an Ultra-Sensitive p24 Readout, the Digital ELISA Viral Outgrowth Assay.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Measuring the Success of HIV-1 Cure Strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSensitive assays are needed for detection of residual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients with undetectable plasma viral loads to determine whether eradication strategies are effective. The gold standard quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) underestimates the magnitude of the viral reservoir. We sought to determine whether xenograft of leukocytes from HIV type 1 (HIV)-infected patients with undetectable plasma viral loads into immunocompromised mice would result in viral amplification.
methodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells or purified CD4(+) T cells from HIV or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected subjects with undetectable plasma viral loads were adoptively transferred into NOD.Cg-Prkdc(scid)Il2rg(tm1Wjl)/SzJ (NSG) mice. The mice were monitored for viremia following depletion of human CD8(+) T cells to minimize antiviral activity. In some cases, humanized mice were also treated with activating anti-CD3 antibody.
resultsWith this murine viral outgrowth assay (MVOA), we successfully amplified replication-competent HIV or SIV from all subjects tested, including 5 HIV-positive patients receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 6 elite controllers or suppressors who were maintaining undetectable viral loads without ART, including an elite suppressor from whom we were unable to recover virus by QVOA.
conclusionsOur results suggest that the MVOA has the potential to serve as a powerful tool to identify residual HIV in patients with undetectable viral loads.
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