ReviewJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2015
Lipid Quality in Infant Nutrition: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities.
Review in Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 278 citations in OpenAlex.
- Total Fat and Fatty Acid Composition of Preterm Human Milk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dietary Supplements Consumed During Pregnancy and Lactation and Child Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evidence that informs feeding practices in very low birthweight and very preterm infants in sub-Saharan Africa: an overview of systematic reviews.BMJ paediatrics open · 2020Pooled it
- Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- The effect of foot reflexology on the volume and composition of breast milk in mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2024Trial
- Plasma Sphingomyelins and Carnitine Esters of Infants Consuming Whole Goat or Cow Milk-Based Infant Formulas or Human Milk.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Influence of Human Milk and Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles in Extremely Preterm Infants.JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 2019Trial
- An infant formula containing dairy lipids increased red blood cell membrane Omega 3 fatty acids in 4 month-old healthy newborns: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2018Trial
- No effect of adding dairy lipids or long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on formula tolerance and growth in full term infants: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Infant milk fat droplet size and coating affect postprandial responses in healthy adult men: a proof-of-concept study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Trial
- Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) balance in developmental outcomes.Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids · 2017Trial
- Sirolimus Therapy and Dyslipidemia in Neonates and Infants: A Retrospective Cohort and Pharmacovigilance Analysis.Paediatric drugs · 2026Article
- Effects of an infant formula containing a whey protein concentrate on feeding tolerance and markers of intestinal immune defense in Chinese infants.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Nutraceutical Interventions in Stunting: Advances, Challenges, and Prospects.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Cellular mechanisms of brain lipid metabolism in health and disease.Nature cell biology · 2026Review
- The First 1000 Days of PKU: A Narrative Review of Maternal PKU and Early Life Management After Positive Newborn Screening.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Maternal Determinants of Human Milk Leptin and Their Associations with Neonatal Growth Parameters.Nutrients · 2026Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dietary lipids are key for infants to not only meet their high energy needs but also fulfill numerous metabolic and physiological functions critical to their growth, development, and health. The lipid composition of breast milk varies during lactation and according to the mother's diet, whereas the lipid composition of infant formulae varies according to the blend of different fat sources. This report compares the compositions of lipids in breast milk and infant formulae, and highlights the roles of dietary lipids in term and preterm infants and their potential biological and health effects. The major differences between breast milk and formulae lie in a variety of saturated fatty acids (such as palmitic acid, including its structural position) and unsaturated fatty acids (including arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), cholesterol, and complex lipids. The functional outcomes of these differences during infancy and for later child and adult life are still largely unknown, and some of them are discussed, but there is consensus that opportunities exist for improvements in the qualitative lipid supply to infants through the mother's diet or infant formulae. Furthermore, research is required in several areas, including the needs of term and preterm infants for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, the sites of action and clinical effects of lipid mediators on immunity and inflammation, the role of lipids on metabolic, neurological, and immunological outcomes, and the mechanisms by which lipids act on short- and long-term health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.