ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Use of Saliva to Identify Varicella Zoster Virus Infection of the Gut.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Varicella zoster virus infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- The Relationship Between Esophageal Motility Disorders and Varicella Zoster Virus: A Study Using Salivary DNA.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Salivary Varicella Zoster Virus DNA Detection in Patients With Acute Abdominal Pain: Frequency, Diagnostic Value, and Implications for Enteric Zoster.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- A fresh look at varicella vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Spatial and temporal mapping of early alphaherpesvirus invasion routes into the mouse central nervous system.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Repression of varicella zoster virus gene expression during quiescent infection in the absence of detectable histone deposition.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Olfactory and trigeminal routes of HSV-1 CNS infection with regional microglial heterogeneity.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Prevalence and progression of pneumonia in immunocompetent adults with varicella.Virology journal · 2024Article
- The mechanisms of nerve injury caused by viral infection in the occurrence of gastrointestinal motility disorder-related diseases.Virology journal · 2023Review
- Modulation of MHC and MHC-Like Molecules by Varicella Zoster Virus.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Silent Reactivation of Varicella Zoster Virus in Pregnancy: Implications for Maintenance of Immunity to Varicella.Viruses · 2022Article
- Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine: Prevention of Varicella and of Zoster.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Association of Achalasia With Active Varicella Zoster Virus Infection of the Esophagus.Gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Gut Susceptibility to Viral Invasion: Contributing Roles of Diet, Microbiota and Enteric Nervous System to Mucosal Barrier Preservation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Zoster sine herpete: a review.The Korean journal of pain · 2020Review
- Manipulation of the Innate Immune Response by Varicella Zoster Virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVaricella zoster virus (VZV) establishes latency in dorsal root, cranial nerve, and enteric ganglia and can reactivate to cause zoster. Serious gastrointestinal dysfunction can result from VZV reactivation in enteric neurons (enteric zoster), but an absence of rash makes diagnosis difficult. We thus determined whether detecting VZV DNA in saliva facilitates identification of enteric zoster.
methodsNested and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to validate salivary VZV DNA as a surrogate marker of VZV reactivation and then to determine the utility of that marker for the identification of those individuals within a population defined by abdominal pain that might have enteric zoster.
resultsSalivary VZV DNA was detected in 0 of 20 healthy negative controls, 11 of 16 positive controls with zoster or varicella (P < .0001), 2 of 2 patients with zoster sine herpete (P < .01), 6 of 11 patients with unexplained abdominal pain (P < .001), and 0 of 8 patients with unrelated gastrointestinal disorders. Salivary VZV DNA disappeared after recovery in 9 of 9 tested subjects with zoster, 2 of 2 with zoster sine herpete, and 5 of 5 with abdominal pain. One patient with abdominal pain and salivary VZV DNA had perforated gastric ulcers, necessitating a wedge gastrectomy. VZV DNA (vaccine type) was found in the resected stomach; immediate early (ORF63p) and late (gE) VZV proteins were immunocytochemically detected in gastric epithelium. After recovery, VZV DNA and proteins were not detected in gastric biopsies or saliva.
conclusionsDetection of salivary VZV DNA in patients with abdominal pain helps to identify putative enteric zoster for investigation and treatment.
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Registered trials
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