ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2015
Synergistic effects of acyclovir and 3, 19-isopropylideneandrographolide on herpes simplex virus wild types and drug-resistant strains.
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiviral and Anticancer Activities of Stingless Bee Propolis fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Andrographolide and Its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review of Anti-Infective Properties and Clinical Potential.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Procaine-Based ProcClusterInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Medicinal plants and natural compounds against acyclovir-resistant HSV infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Andrographolide: A Herbal-Chemosynthetic Approach for Enhancing Immunity, Combating Viral Infections, and Its Implication on Human Health.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Antiviral Activities of Andrographolide and Its Derivatives: Mechanism of Action and Delivery System.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Elucidation of the mechanism of anti-herpes action of two novel semisynthetic cardenolide derivatives.Archives of virology · 2020Article
- Improving Encapsulation of Hydrophilic Chloroquine Diphosphate into Biodegradable Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach against Herpes Virus Simplex-1 Infection.Pharmaceutics · 2018Article
- Synergistic Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Mexican Seaweeds against Measles Virus.BioMed research international · 2016Article
- Activity of 3,19-isopropylidinyl andrographolide against herpes simplex virus type 1 in an animal model.Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapyArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAn andrographolide analogue, 3, 19-isopropylideneandrographolide (IPAD), exerts an inhibitory effect on replication of wild-type herpes simplex virus serotype 1 (HSV-1). In this study, we examined the anti-viral activity of IPAD on HSV wild types (HSV-1 strain KOS and HSV-2 clinical isolate) and HSV-1 drug-resistant strains (DRs). Synergistic effects of IPAD with acyclovir (ACV) were also evaluated.
methodsMTT and cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assays were performed to determine cytotoxicity and anti-viral activities, respectively. A combination assay was used to determine synergistic effects of IPAD and ACV. Presence of viral DNA and protein in experimental cells was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.
resultsA non-cytotoxic concentration of IPAD (20.50 μM) completely inhibited CPE formation induced by HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs after viral entry into the cells. The anti-HSV activities included inhibition of viral DNA and protein synthesis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ACV for HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs were 20.20 and 2,220.00 μM, respectively. Combination of ACV with IPAD showed synergistic effects in inhibition of CPE formation, viral DNA and protein synthesis by HSV wild types as well as HSV-1 DRs. For the synergistic effects on HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs, the effective concentrations of ACV were reduced.
conclusionsThese results showed the inhibitory potential of IPAD on HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs and suggested that IPAD could be used in combination with ACV for treatment of HSV-1 DRs infections.
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