ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2015
Differential expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-15Ralpha, IL-15, IL-6 and TNFalpha in synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor KL130008 in active rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Deletion of a distal IRF4 element prevents inflammation-induced reprogramming of human regulatory T cell fate.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Exercise-myokine relationships in osteoarthritis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- State of the Art in Novel Treatment Strategies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Brief Review.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2025Review
- Castleman disease complicated by rheumatoid arthritis and postoperative chylous leakage: A case report.Medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Biomaterials for Modulating the Immune Microenvironment in Rheumatoid Arthritis.BME frontiers · 2025Review
- Skeletal muscle index together with body mass index is associated with secondary osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Distinct fibroblast functions associated with fibrotic and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and their implications for therapeutic development.F1000Research · 2024Review
- What have we learnt from the inhibition of IL-6 in RA and what are the clinical opportunities for patient outcomes?Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Review
- Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines: the hidden keys to autoimmune gastritis therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Drug-disease interaction: Clinical consequences of inflammation on drugs action and disposition.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2023Review
- A novel 3D spheroid model of rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue incorporating fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Engineering Closed-Loop, Autoregulatory Gene Circuits for Osteoarthritis Cell-Based Therapies.Current rheumatology reports · 2022Review
- Cartilage tissue engineering: From proinflammatory and anti‑inflammatory cytokines to osteoarthritis treatments (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2022Review
- Rheumatoid arthritis chondrocytes produce increased levels of pro-inflammatory proteins.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2022Article
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2 Alpha Regulates the Migration of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes via Oxidative Stress-Induced CD70 Expression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Cytokines and Chemokines Involved in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Targeted apoptosis of macrophages and osteoclasts in arthritic joints is effective against advanced inflammatory arthritis.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Promising Therapeutic Targets for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPro-inflammatory cytokines are directly implicated in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Variable clinical response to cytokine targeted therapies as TNFalpha and IL-6, strongly highlights the heterogeneity of inflammatory process in RA. Another cytokine, IL-15 has also been related to the inflammatory process in RA. Recently we described for the first time, the presence of its specific receptor, IL-15Ralpha, in synovial fluid (SF). The aim of this work was to compare the expression profile of IL-15Ralpha, its ligand IL-15, TNFalpha and IL-6 and how these cytokines are correlated in SF from RA patients taking as a reference Osteoarthritis (OA), an articular but not autoimmune disease.
methodsSynovial fluids were obtained from the knee joints of 60 patients, 30 with confirmed diagnosis of RA and 30 with OA diagnosis. The levels of TNFalpha, IL-6, IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha were measured by ELISA. A statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism v5.0 using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation. A cluster analysis was run in MeV software v4.9.0 and differences across clusters were evaluated by an ANOVA including post-test analysis.
resultsWe found higher and significant levels of TNFalpha, IL-6 and IL-15Ralpha but not of IL-15 in RA compared with the OA group. Additionally, a high inter-individual variability in the levels of these 4 cytokines was observed in RA, although we identified 4 patients' subgroups by cluster analysis of cytokines concentration in SF. We also found a positive correlation between IL-15Ralpha-IL-6 and IL-15Ralpha-IL-15, but not for other pairs of cytokines in RA. In addition we found correlation between the value of IL-15Ralpha in SF and disease activity score, DAS28.
conclusionsIn our current work we found a high inter-individual variability in the levels of TNFalpha, IL-6, IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in SF of RA patients and were identified four principal clusters of cytokines concentration in SF, suggesting the importance of identifying disease subset of patients for personalized treatment. Finally, we found a correlation between IL-15Ralpha-IL-6, IL-15Ralpha-IL-15, but we did not find any correlation between other pairs of studied cytokines in SF.
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