Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25879667›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2015

Illness and medical and other expenditures: observations from western and eastern China.

Jing Zhang, Benchang Shia, Huangdi Yi, Shuangge Ma, Chi Ma

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jing ZhangDepartment of Economics, School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. jzhang1@xmu.edu.cn.
Benchang ShiaDepartment of Statistics, School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. 025674@mail.fju.edu.tw.
Huangdi YiDepartment of Statistics, School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. denise.huangdi.yi@gmail.com.
Shuangge MaDepartment of Statistics, School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. shuangge.ma@yale.edu.
Chi MaHumanities and Social Science College, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, 19 Qingyuan North Rd, Daxing, Beijing, 102617, China. machi.bipt@gmail.com.

Funding

Yale University Clinical and Translational Science Award ProgramUL1TR000142 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHERWIN, ROBERT S · 2012 to 2015
$31.8M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000142
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIllness and the medical expenditure that follows have a profound impact on the well-being of individuals and households. China is a huge country with significant regional differences. The goal of this study is to investigate the associations of illness and medical expenditure with other categories of household expenditures, with special attention paid to the differences in observations between the western and eastern regions.

methodsA survey was conducted in six major cities in China, three in the east and three in the west, in 2011. Data on demographics, illness conditions, and medical and other expenditures were collected from 12,515 households.

resultsIn the analysis of the associations of illness conditions and medical expenditure with demographics, multiple significant associations were observed, and there are differences between the eastern and western regions. In univariate analyses, illness conditions and medical expenditure were found as having significant associations with other categories of expenditures. In multivariate analyses adjusting for household and household head characteristics, few associations were observed, and there exist differences between the regions.

conclusionsThis study has provided empirical evidence on the associations of illness/medical expenditure with demographics and with other categories of expenditures. Differences across regions were observed in multiple aspects. The reasons underlying such differences are worth investigating further.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolChinaCohort StudiesEconomicsFemaleGeographyHealth ExpendituresHumansInfantInfant, Newborn

Identifiers

PMID25879667
PMCPMC4336723

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.