ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Potential demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microwave- and heat-based decontamination of N95 filtering facepiece respirators: a systematic review.The Journal of hospital infection · 2020Pooled it
- Decontamination interventions for the reuse of surgical mask personal protective equipment: a systematic review.The Journal of hospital infection · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPRs) for Protection from Respirable Dust in Underground Mines.Mining, metallurgy & exploration · 2025Review
- Carbon footprint assessment of face masks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Based on different protective performance and applicable scenarios.Journal of cleaner production · 2023Article
- Fate of face masks after being discarded into seawater: Aging and microbial colonization.Journal of hazardous materials · 2022Article
- The role of health systems for health security: a scoping review revealing the need for improved conceptual and practical linkages.Globalization and health · 2022Article
- Respirators in Healthcare: Material, Design, Regulatory, Environmental, and Economic Considerations for Clinical Efficacy.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2022Review
- Fabrication and working of portable PPE kit sterilizer using UV Ozone Sanitization process.Materials today. Proceedings · 2022Article
- Principles and practice for SARS-CoV-2 decontamination of N95 masks with UV-C.Biophysical journal · 2021Review
- Article
- Unmasking the demand for masks: Analytics of mandating coronavirus masks.Metroeconomica · 2021Article
- Personal respiratory protection and resiliency in a pandemic, the evolving disposable versus reusable debate and its effect on waste generation.Resources, conservation, and recycling · 2021Review
- Analysis of SteraMist ionized hydrogen peroxide technology in the sterilization of N95 respirators and other PPE.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Development, manufacturing, and preliminary validation of a reusable half-face respirator during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2021Article
- Contributing factors to personal protective equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic.Preventive medicine · 2020Review
- Home-made masks with filtration efficiency for nano-aerosols for community mitigation of COVID-19 pandemic.Public health · 2020Article
- Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2020Article
- Social Media Survey and Web Posting Assessment of the COVID-19 Response in China: Health Worker Attitudes Toward Preparedness and Personal Protective Equipment Shortages.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Mask Reuse in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Creating an Inexpensive and Scalable Ultraviolet System for Filtering Facepiece Respirator Decontamination.Global health, science and practice · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo inform planning for an influenza pandemic, we estimated US demand for N95 filtering facepiece respirators (respirators) by healthcare and emergency services personnel and need for surgical masks by pandemic patients seeking care.
methodsWe used a spreadsheet-based model to estimate demand for 3 scenarios of respirator use: base case (usage approximately follows epidemic curve), intermediate demand (usage rises to epidemic peak and then remains constant), and maximum demand (all healthcare workers use respirators from pandemic onset). We assumed that in the base case scenario, up to 16 respirators would be required per day per intensive care unit patient and 8 per day per general ward patient. Outpatient healthcare workers and emergency services personnel would require 4 respirators per day. Patients would require 1.2 surgical masks per day. RESULTS AND
conclusionsAssuming that 20% to 30% of the population would become ill, 1.7 to 3.5 billion respirators would be needed in the base case scenario, 2.6 to 4.3 billion in the intermediate demand scenario, and up to 7.3 billion in the maximum demand scenario (for all scenarios, between 0.1 and 0.4 billion surgical masks would be required for patients). For pandemics with a lower attack rate and fewer cases (eg, 2009-like pandemic), the number of respirators needed would be higher because the pandemic would have longer duration. Providing these numbers of respirators and surgical masks represents a logistic challenge for US public health agencies. Public health officials must urgently consider alternative use strategies for respirators and surgical masks during a pandemic that may vary from current practices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.