SynthesisTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2015
Service delivery interventions to improve adolescents' linkage, retention and adherence to antiretroviral therapy and HIV care.
Synthesis in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Interventions to Improve Treatment Outcomes among Adolescents on Antiretroviral Therapy with Unsuppressed Viral Loads: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Recent Interventions to Improve Retention in HIV Care and Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment Among Adolescents and Youth: A Systematic Review.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2019Pooled it
- Why do people living with HIV not initiate treatment? A systematic review of qualitative evidence from low- and middle-income countries.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2018Pooled it
- Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Pooled it
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- Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Enhancing Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults 13-24 Years of Age: A Review of the Evidence Base.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Pooled it
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- The Implementation and Costs To Deliver a youth-friendly multi-component Program Addressing Stigma, HIV, and Linkage To Care for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Lusaka, Zambia.AIDS and behavior · 2025Trial
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- A Social Media-Based Support Group for Youth Living With HIV in Nigeria (SMART Connections): Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Trial
- Development and pilot testing of an empowerment-based intervention for adolescents and young adults living with HIV transitioning to adult HIV care in Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- "A creature inside me": perceptions and representations of HIV among adolescents living with HIV in Malawi.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Feasibility of smartphone-enabled asynchronous video directly observed therapy to improve viral suppression outcomes among HIV unsuppressed children and adolescents in Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Characterizing adolescent and youth-friendly HIV services: a cross-sectional assessment across 16 global sites.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Rethinking HIV care for youth: Insights from qualitative research with youth in Chad.PloS one · 2025Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAdolescents living with HIV face substantial difficulties in accessing HIV care services and have worse treatment outcomes than other age groups. The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of service delivery interventions to improve adolescents' linkage from HIV diagnosis to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, retention in HIV care and adherence to ART.
methodsWe systematically searched the Medline, SCOPUS and Web of Sciences databases and conference abstracts from the International AIDS Conference and International Conference on AIDS and STIs in Africa (ICASA). Studies published in English between 1st January 2001 and 9th June 2014 were included. Two authors independently evaluated reports for eligibility, extracted data and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
resultsEleven studies from nine countries were eligible for review. Three studies were randomised controlled trials. Interventions assessed included individual and group counselling and education; peer support; directly observed therapy; financial incentives; and interventions to improve the adolescent-friendliness of clinics. Most studies were of low to moderate methodological quality.
conclusionsThis review identified limited evidence on the effectiveness of service delivery interventions to support adolescents' linkage from HIV diagnosis to ART initiation, retention on ART and adherence to ART. Although recommendations are qualified because of the small numbers of studies and limited methodological quality, offering individual and group education and counselling, financial incentives, increasing clinic accessibility and provision of specific adolescent-tailored services appear promising interventions and warrant further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.