ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2015
Late-Onset Disseminated Mycobacterium avium intracellulare Complex Infection (MAC), Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Salmonella Sepsis in a German Caucasian Patient with Unusual Anti-Interferon-Gamma IgG1 Autoantibodies.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies syndrome and opportunistic infections: systematic literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Characteristics and Outcomes of Anti-interferon Gamma Antibody-Associated Adult Onset Immunodeficiency.Journal of clinical immunology · 2023Pooled it
- An Updated Review on MSMD Research Globally and A Literature Review on the Molecular Findings, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment Approaches in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Cervical Mycobacterium genavense infection in a patient with lymphadenitis and previously unknown anti-IFN-γ IgG autoantibodies.Infection · 2025Article
- Central nervous system infections in patients with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies: case series and review of the literature.BMC neurology · 2025Review
- Characteristics of polyclonal anti-interferon-gamma autoantibodies and novel diagnostic strategies: A prospective cohort study of new biomarkers.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Article
- Deepening Understanding of the Clinical Features and Diagnostic Approaches to Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibody Associated Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency in the Last 20 Years: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Anti-cytokine autoantibodies: mechanistic insights and disease associations.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Anticytokine Autoantibodies in Infectious Diseases: A Practical Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The detectable anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies in COVID-19 patients may be associated with disease severity.Virology journal · 2023Article
- High-titer anti-interferon-γ neutralizing autoantibodies linked to opportunistic infections in patients with adult-onset still's disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Case report: Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a patient with anti-interferon-γ autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Treatment Dilemmas in Disseminated Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections With Interferon-gamma Autoantibodies.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Minireview: Insights into anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Review
- Anti-Interferon Autoantibodies in Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Severe COVID-19 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Natural History and Evolution of Anti-Interferon-γ Autoantibody-Associated Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Thailand and the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Autoantibodies against cytokines: phenocopies of primary immunodeficiencies?Human genetics · 2020Review
- Serum Anti-interferon-γ Autoantibody Titer as a Potential Biomarker of Disseminated Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Infection.Journal of clinical immunology · 2020Article
- Juvenile-Onset Immunodeficiency Secondary to Anti-Interferon-Gamma Autoantibodies.Journal of clinical immunology · 2019Article
- Functional Analysis of Anti-cytokine Autoantibodies Using Flow Cytometry.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSince we described for the first time a patient with IgG4 autoantibodies to IFN-γ more than 10 years ago, many patients with IFN-γ IgG4 autoantibodies have been described, mostly in Mongolian/ Asian patients with a particular HLA background and in association with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Very recently, the first Caucasian US patient was reported and we now present the case of a 65-year old Caucasian woman with severe disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection, cerebral toxoplasmosis and salmonella sepsis who was tested positive for IFN-γ deficiency due to unusual anti-IFN-γ IgG1 autoantibodies.
methodsIFN-γ production after ex vivo ConA stimulation of the patient's whole blood and isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed. Anti-human IFN-γ antibodies were measured by Ig/Ig-subclass-specific ELISA. In vitro physiologic relevance and blocking capacity of IFN-γ-stimulation by patient's serum was analysed by flow cytometric assessment of cytokine-induced phosphorylation of pSTAT1(Y701).
resultsSeverely impaired IFN-γ production in the patient's whole blood but normal production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the absence of autologous serum was observed. High titre anti-IFN-γ antibodies of the IgG1 subclass could be demonstrated in the patient's serum by ELISA. Further, the addition of patient's serum to IFN-γ-stimulated immune cells showed inhibition of STAT1 phosphorylation.
conclusionsIFN-γ autoantibodies of any IgG-isotype should be considered in patients with severe opportunistic infections independent of age at onset and ethnicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.