ArticleJournal of ophthalmology2015
Association between Ophthalmic Timolol and Hospitalisation for Bradycardia.
Article in Journal of ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-concentration bimatoprost 0.01% and timolol 0.1% eye gel versus bimatoprost 0.03% and timolol 0.5% eye drops in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension: a phase III randomised study.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Colloid-Forming Prodrug-Hydrogel Composite Prolongs Lower Intraocular Pressure in Rodent Eyes after Subconjunctival Injection.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- The Effect of β-Blocker Eye Drops on Pulse Rate, Ocular Blood Flow, and Glaucoma Progression: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study.Advances in therapy · 2024Article
- Therapeutic conflict in patients with COVID-19 and glaucoma.Medicina clinica (English ed.) · 2020Article
- [Therapeutic conflict in patients with COVID-19 and glaucoma].Medicina clinica · 2020Article
- Prolonged central nervous system and respiratory depression in preterm neonates after exposure to brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate ophthalmic drops.GMS ophthalmology cases · 2020Article
- Postprandial Head-drops: Insight into Systemic Effects of Ocular Timolol Preparation in Elderly.Cureus · 2019Article
- Paradoxical bradycardia and hemorrhagic shock.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2019Article
- From Eye Drops to ICU, a Case Report of Three Side Effects of Ophthalmic Timolol Maleate in the Same Patient.Case reports in critical care · 2015Article
- NOVELTIES IN MEDICAL TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction. Ophthalmic timolol, a topical nonselective beta-blocker, has the potential to be absorbed systemically which may cause adverse cardiovascular effects. This study was conducted to determine whether initiation of ophthalmic timolol was associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation for bradycardia. Materials and Methods. A self-controlled case-series study was undertaken in patients who were hospitalised for bradycardia and were exposed to timolol. Person-time after timolol initiation was partitioned into risk periods: 1-30 days, 31-180 days, and >180 days. A 30-day risk period prior to initiating timolol was also included. All remaining time was considered unexposed. Results. There were 6,373 patients with at least one hospitalisation for bradycardia during the study period; 267 were exposed to timolol. Risk of bradycardia was significantly increased in the 31-180 days after timolol initiation (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.87). No increased risk was observed in the first 30 days or beyond 180 days of continuous exposure (IRR = 1.40; 95% CI 0.87-2.26 and IRR = 1.21; 95% CI 0.64-2.31, resp.). Conclusion. Bradycardia is a potential adverse event following timolol initiation. Practitioners should consider patient history before choosing a glaucoma regime and closely monitor patients after treatment initiation with topical nonselective beta-blocker eye drops.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.