ArticleOncotarget2015
Ex vivo generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells that model the tumor immunosuppressive environment in colorectal cancer.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Significance of TIGIT in Solid Cancers: Dual TIGIT/PD-1 Blockade to Overcome Immune-Resistance in Solid Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Decoding the Role of MDSCs in Bone Metastasis: Multicellular Interactions and Clinical Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Potentiation of a Porous Silicon Therapeutic Vaccine in Colorectal Cancer via Oxaliplatin-Mediated Regulation of Myeloid-Driven Immunosuppression.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Targeted hyperthermia therapy (THT) using gold nanorods remodels the tumor microenvironment to sensitize murine microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer to immune checkpoint blockade.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- T cell exhaustion in parasitic infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gasotransmitters bridging tumor biology and immunity: from pathophysiological insights to therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Telomeres, telomerase, and cancer: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutics.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Harnessing the tumor microenvironment: targeted cancer therapies through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Enhancing Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy by Targeting MDSCs via Hepatic Arterial Infusion in Breast Cancer Liver Metastases.Cancers · 2024Article
- MDSC expansion during HIV infection: regulators, ART and immune reconstitution.Genes and immunity · 2024Review
- Targeting amino acid-metabolizing enzymes for cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Triple Crown: NO, CO, and HPharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Review
- Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells from Tumor Tissue Are a Differentiated Cell with Limited Fate Plasticity.ImmunoHorizons · 2022Article
- Induction of M-MDSCs with IL6/GM-CSF from adherence monocytes and inhibition by WP1066.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- The emerging role of regulatory cell-based therapy in autoimmune disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A Proteomic Atlas of Lineage and Cancer-Polarized Expression Modules in Myeloid Cells Modeling Immunosuppressive Tumor-Infiltrating Subsets.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Tumor-related stress regulates functional plasticity of MDSCs.Cellular immunology · 2021Review
- Recent advances in myeloid-derived suppressor cell biology.Frontiers of medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of cells that accumulate in tumor-bearing subjects and which strongly inhibit anti-cancer immune responses. To study the biology of MDSC in colorectal cancer (CRC), we cultured bone marrow cells in conditioned medium from CT26 cells, which are genetically modified to secrete high levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. This resulted in the generation of high numbers of CD11b(+) Ly6G(+) granulocytic and CD11b(+) Ly6C(+) monocytic MDSC, which closely resemble those found within the tumor but not the spleen of CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Such MDSC potently inhibited T-cell responses in vitro, a process that could be reversed upon blocking of arginase-1 or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We confirmed that inhibition of arginase-1 or iNOS in vivo resulted in the stimulation of cytotoxic T-cell responses. A delay in tumor growth was observed upon functional repression of both enzymes. These data confirm the role of MDSC as inhibitors of T-cell-mediated immune responses in CRC. Moreover, MDSC differentiated in vitro from bone marrow cells using conditioned medium of GM-CSF-secreting CT26 cells, represent a valuable platform to study/identify drugs that counteract MDSC activities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.