ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2015
Female breast cancer incidence among Asian and Western populations: more similar than expected.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01885039 (Characterization of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer and Their Relationships With Known Breast Cancer Risk Factors Among Chinese Women in Hong Kong - A Pilot Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 109 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Characterization of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer and Their Relationships With Known Breast Cancer Risk Factors Among Chinese Women in Hong Kong - A Pilot Study
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research trends on lymphedema after mastectomy for breast cancer patients from 2000 to 2023: a scientometric analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients in Asia: A meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Supplemental breast cancer-screening ultrasonography in women with dense breasts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2020Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life in Asian patients with breast cancer: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2018Pooled it
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Soy Isoflavone Intake on Mammographic Density among Malaysian Women.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Abemaciclib in combination with endocrine therapy for East Asian patients with HR+, HER2- advanced breast cancer: MONARCH 2 & 3 trials.Cancer science · 2021Trial
- Palbociclib Plus Letrozole as First-Line Therapy in Postmenopausal Asian Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer: Results From the Phase III, Randomized PALOMA-2 Study.Journal of global oncology · 2019Trial
- Palbociclib in combination with fulvestrant in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer: PALOMA-3 subgroup analysis of Japanese patients.International journal of clinical oncology · 2019Trial
- Trends in Female Breast Cancer Incidence among Japanese, Korean, and US Populations: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Incidence in Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Populations, 2000-2022.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Development and internal validation of a multivariable prognostic prediction model in advanced breast cancer patients based on the SEER database.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Association of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin with Improved Overall Survival Compared with Epirubicin in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Population Based Study from Taiwan.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Article
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- Effectiveness of thin polyurethane film dressings in preventing acute radiation dermatitis during postmastectomy radiotherapy for breast cancer: A retrospective study.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2025Article
- Longitudinal changes in mammographic density and reproductive hormones during the menopausal transition in middle-aged Korean women: effect modification by obesity.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Association of Genetic Risk Variants in SETBP1, FANCM, and LSP1 with Familial Breast Cancer in the Pakistani Pashtun Population.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Associations Between Immigrant Status and Dietary Patterns in ENCLAVE, A Pooled, Observational Study of Women Diagnosed With Breast Cancer.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Mammographic density as a predictor of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ in over six million South Korean women.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Mutational spectrum and profile of breast and ovarian cancer patients in Saudi Arabia's western region: single center experience.Discover oncology · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 7 countries.
Hyuna SungDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT). hyuna.sung@nih.gov.
Philip S RosenbergDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Wan-Qing ChenDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Mikael HartmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Wei-Yen LimDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Kee Seng ChiaDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Oscar Wai-Kong MangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Chun-Ju ChiangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Daehee KangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Roger Kai-Cheong NganDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Lap Ah TseDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
William F AndersonDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
Xiaohong R YangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HS, PSR, WFA, XRY); National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control & National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Beijing, China (WQC); Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (MH); Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH, WYL, KSC); Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (MH); Hong Kong Cancer Registry, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China (OWKM, RKCN); Taiwan Cancer Registry and Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (CJC); Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (DK); Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (RKCN); Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (LAT).
National Taiwan University · TWKarolinska Institutet · SENational Cancer Institute · USNational Cancer Institute · MYQueen Elizabeth Hospital · CN
Funding
Intramural NIH HHS
Abstract
backgroundPrevious reports suggested that female breast cancer is associated with earlier ages at onset among Asian than Western populations. However, most studies utilized cross-sectional analyses that may be confounded by calendar-period and/or birth cohort effects. We, therefore, considered a longitudinal (forward-looking) approach adjusted for calendar-period changes and conditioned upon birth cohort.
methodsInvasive female breast cancer data (1988-2009) were obtained from cancer registries in China, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and the United States. Age-period-cohort models were used to extrapolate longitudinal age-specific incidence rates for the 1920, 1944, and 1970 birth cohorts.
resultsCross-sectional age-specific incidence rates rose continuously until age 80 years among US white women, but plateaued or decreased after age 50 years among Asian women. In contrast, longitudinal age-specific rates were proportional (similar) among all Asian countries and the United States with incidence rates rising continuously until age 80 years. The extrapolated estimates for the most recent cohorts in some Asian countries actually showed later ages at onset than in the United States. Additionally, over successive birth cohorts, the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for the longitudinal curves converged (narrowed) between Asian and US white women.
conclusionsSimilar longitudinal age-specific incidence rates along with converging IRRs indicate that the age effects for invasive breast cancer are more similar among Asian and Western populations than might be expected from a solely cross-sectional analysis. Indeed, the Asian breast cancer rates in recent generations are even surpassing the historically high rates in the United States, highlighting an urgent need for efficient prevention and treatment strategies among Asian populations.
Indexed as
AdultAgedAge DistributionAsian PeopleBreast NeoplasmsChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHong KongHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRegistriesRepublic of Korea
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NCT01885039ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.